{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T16:24:20Z","timestamp":1778775860720,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,19]],"date-time":"2021-10-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1634601600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002920","name":"Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["17108315"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17108315"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002920","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Life"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Previous studies have demonstrated that functional connectivity (FC) of different brain regions in resting state function MRI were abnormal in patients suffering from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD) when comparing to healthy controls (HC) using seed based, independent component analysis (ICA) or small world network techniques. A new technique called voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) was used in the current study to evaluate the value of interhemispheric functional connectivity (IFC) as a diagnostic tool to differentiate vascular dementia (VD) from other Alzheimer\u2019s related neurodegenerative diseases. Eighty-three participants were recruited from the university hospital memory clinic. A multidisciplinary panel formed by a neuroradiologist and two geriatricians classified the participants into VD (13), AD (16), MCI (29), and HC (25) based on clinical history, Montreal Cognitive Assessment Hong Kong version (HK\u2011MoCA) neuropsychological score, structural MRI, MR perfusion, and 18-F Flutametamol (amyloid) PET-CT findings of individual subjects. We adopted the calculation method used by Kelly et al. (2011) and Zuo et al. (2010) in obtaining VMHC maps. Specific patterns of VMHC maps were obtained for VD, AD, and MCI to HC comparison. VD showed significant reduction in VMHC in frontal orbital gyrus and gyrus rectus. Increased VMHC was observed in default mode network (DMN), executive control network (ECN), and the remaining salient network (SN) regions. AD showed a reduction of IFC in all DMN, ECN, and SN regions; whereas MCI showed VMHC reduction in vSN, and increased VMHC in DMN and ECN. When combining VMHC values of relevant brain regions, the accuracy was improved to 87%, 92%, and 83% for VD, AD, and MCI from HC, respectively, in receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Through studying the VMHC maps and using VMHC values in relevant brain regions, VMHC can be considered as a reliable diagnostic tool for VD, AD, and MCI from HC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life11101108","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,20]],"date-time":"2021-10-20T03:01:13Z","timestamp":1634698873000},"page":"1108","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Diagnostic Efficacy of Voxel-Mirrored Homotopic Connectivity in Vascular Dementia as Compared to Alzheimer\u2019s Related Neurodegenerative Diseases\u2014A Resting State fMRI Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4618-7865","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eva Y. W.","family":"Cheung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"},{"name":"School of Medical and Health Sciences, Tung Wah College, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Y. F.","family":"Shea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patrick K. C.","family":"Chiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph S. K.","family":"Kwan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2007-0650","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Henry K. F.","family":"Mak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"},{"name":"Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Research Network, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Prince, M., Comas-Herrera, A., Knapp, M., Guerchet, M., and Karagiannidou, M. (2016). 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