{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T15:50:42Z","timestamp":1791474642467,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":249,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,16]],"date-time":"2021-11-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637020800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Life"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Parkinson disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder in elderly people. It is characterized by the aggregation of misfolded alpha-synuclein throughout the nervous system. Aside from cardinal motor symptoms, cognitive impairment is one of the most disabling non-motor symptoms that occurs during the progression of the disease. The accumulation and spreading of alpha-synuclein pathology from the brainstem to limbic and neocortical structures is correlated with emerging cognitive decline in PD. This review summarizes the genetic and pathophysiologic relationship between alpha-synuclein and cognitive impairment in PD, together with potential areas of biomarker advancement.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life11111239","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,17]],"date-time":"2021-11-17T02:42:28Z","timestamp":1637116948000},"page":"1239","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Alpha-Synuclein and Cognitive Decline in Parkinson Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Tian-Sin","family":"Fan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsinchu City 300, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sam Chi-Hao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei City 100, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4947-5467","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruey-Meei","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei City 100, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1591","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.26424","article-title":"MDS clinical diagnostic criteria for Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"30","author":"Postuma","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mov. 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