{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]],"date-time":"2025-10-14T00:36:52Z","timestamp":1760402212307,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,7]],"date-time":"2022-01-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1641513600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Life"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Secondary thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) due to interferon beta-1a intramuscular (im) treatment is an uncommon adverse effect with only a few cases in multiple sclerosis patients reported worldwide. TTP together with haemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) are classic forms of thrombotic microangiopathy, characterized by small-vessel platelet micro-thrombi that manifest clinically in a similar manner. Most common signs and symptoms include bruises and ecchymosis, neurologic symptoms and renal impairment. Interferon beta-1a represents one of the first-line therapies for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis due to its accessibility and efficacy. Case presentation: A 36-year-old woman who was previously diagnosed with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis had received weekly intramuscular injections with beta-interferon-1a (Avonex 30 mcg). After 9 months of treatment, she presented bruises and ecchymosis on her limbs and torso, epistaxis, gingival bleeding aggravated within 48 h and a persistent headache that was non-responsive to common analgesics. Haematology tests revealed typical results for thrombotic microangiopathy, including severe thrombocytopenia (4000\/mm3) and microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia with frequent schistocytes on the peripheral blood smear. Once the beta-interferon administration was ceased and upon the initiation of methylprednisolone, the symptoms remitted. Conclusions: In this case study, we portrayed the particular association between the remission phase of multiple sclerosis and the violent onset of interferon-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life12010080","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,9]],"date-time":"2022-01-09T20:21:56Z","timestamp":1641759716000},"page":"80","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura in Interferon Beta-1a-Treated Patient Diagnosed with Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis: A Case Report"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Cristina-Florentina","family":"Plesa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, \u201cDr. Carol Davila\u201d Central Military Emergency University Hospital, 134 Calea Plevnei Str., 010242 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Preclinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cTitu Maiorescu\u201d University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3241-2782","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diana Maria","family":"Chitimus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, \u201cDr. Carol Davila\u201d Central Military Emergency University Hospital, 134 Calea Plevnei Str., 010242 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carmen Adella","family":"Sirbu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, \u201cDr. Carol Davila\u201d Central Military Emergency University Hospital, 134 Calea Plevnei Str., 010242 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Medical-Surgical and Prophylactical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cTitu Maiorescu\u201d University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Monica Marilena","family":"\u021a\u00e2n\u021bu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Care and Therapy, Faculty of Science, Physical Education and Informatics, Universty of Pite\u015fti,110040 Pite\u0219ti, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Minerva Claudia","family":"Ghinescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical-Surgical and Prophylactical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cTitu Maiorescu\u201d University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Anghel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, \u201cDr. Carol Davila\u201d Central Military Emergency University Hospital, 134 Calea Plevnei Str., 010242 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Florentina","family":"Ionita-Radu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Str., 050474 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, \u201cDr. Carol Davila\u201d Central Military Emergency University Hospital, 134 Calea Plevnei Str., 010242 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2013.12.007","article-title":"Thrombotic microangiopathy in interferon beta treated multiple sclerosis patients: Review of literature and report of two new cases","volume":"3","author":"Vosoughi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mult. 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