{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T19:19:06Z","timestamp":1793042346797,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,28]],"date-time":"2022-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646006400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2019R1I1A3A01058584"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2019R1I1A3A01058584"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Life"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic liver dysfunction characterized by excess lipid accumulation; non-alcoholic steatohepatitis can transform into more severe conditions, such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Although several pharmacologic approaches have been evaluated in clinical trials, there are no approved therapies for NAFLD. Previous studies have suggested that taurine supplementation alleviates fatty liver; however, the underlying mechanism remains obscure. In this study, we investigated the beneficial effects of taurine on fatty liver injury in vivo induced by tunicamycin, a chemical endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stressor. The mice were administered 2% taurine for 2 weeks prior to intraperitoneal tunicamycin injection; after 72 h of treatment, the mice were euthanized. Tunicamycin treatment significantly increased the levels of serum ALT and AST and hepatic triglycerides. Notably, these changes were alleviated by taurine supplementation. Taurine normalized the protein and\/or mRNA levels involved in ER stress signaling (IRE1a, p-IRE1a, ATF6, XBP1, BiP, and CHOP) and lipid metabolism (CD36, MTTP, and ApoB), which were dysregulated by tunicamycin treatment. The stimulation of hepatic lipid export by taurine was evidenced by the recovery of blood VLDL levels. Furthermore, taurine supplementation prevented tunicamycin-induced lipid peroxidation and decreased glutathione (GSH) levels by correcting abnormal cysteine catabolism involved in the production of both taurine and GSH. Therefore, taurine supplementation can prevent tunicamycin-induced liver injury by counteracting oxidative and ER stress.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life12030354","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,28]],"date-time":"2022-02-28T20:11:14Z","timestamp":1646079074000},"page":"354","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Taurine Ameliorates Tunicamycin-Induced Liver Injury by Disrupting the Vicious Cycle between Oxidative Stress and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Sou Hyun","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea"},{"name":"Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyeji","family":"Seo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea"},{"name":"Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Doyoung","family":"Kwon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jeju Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong Yeon","family":"Yuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Healthcare R&D Center, HP&C Ltd., Cheongju 28158, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0299-4451","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Young-Suk","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea"},{"name":"Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0000000000002480","article-title":"Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Basic Pathogenetic Mechanisms in the Progression from NAFLD to NASH","volume":"103","author":"Pierantonelli","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15080","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2015.80","article-title":"Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"1","author":"Brunt","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. 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