{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T02:39:55Z","timestamp":1773369595330,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,21]],"date-time":"2022-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1658361600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Life"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The burden of COVID-19 remains unchanged for immunocompromised patients who do not respond to vaccines. Unfortunately, Omicron sublineages are resistant to monoclonal antibodies authorized in Europe so far, and small chemical antivirals have contraindications and toxicities that have not been studied in these patients. We report here the successful treatment of COVID-19 pneumonia lasting for 4 months after the transfusion of COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CCP) in a patient with severe immunosuppression due to both chronic lymphocytic leukemia and venetoclax treatment. The patient achieved a complete clinical, radiological and virological response after six transfusions (600 mL each) of high-titer CCP collected from triple-vaccinated and convalescent donors. This dramatic case adds to the mounting evidence of CCP efficacy in immunocompromised patients, provided that high-titer and large volumes are infused.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life12071098","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,21]],"date-time":"2022-07-21T22:38:50Z","timestamp":1658443130000},"page":"1098","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Clinical and Virological Response to Convalescent Plasma in a Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Patient with COVID-19 Pneumonia"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Belcari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Emergency Medicine, ASL Toscana Nord-Ovest, 56124 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Conti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, ASL Toscana Nord-Ovest, 56124 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Mazzoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Transfusion Medicine, Pisa University Hospital, 56124 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4677-1287","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Lanza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"North-Western Tuscany Blood Bank, Pisa University Hospital, 56124 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Mazzetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Virology, Pisa University Hospital, 56124 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8811-195X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniele","family":"Focosi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"North-Western Tuscany Blood Bank, Pisa University Hospital, 56124 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2210880","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.10880","article-title":"Differences in Outcomes and Factors Associated With Mortality Among Patients With SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Cancer Compared With Those Without Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","volume":"5","author":"Khoury","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Netw. Open"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"FDA Statement (2022, June 12). Coronavirus (COVID-19) Update: FDA Limits Use of Certain Monoclonal Antibodies to Treat COVID-19 Due to the Omicron Variant, Available online: https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/news-events\/press-announcements\/coronavirus-covid-19-update-fda-limits-use-certain-monoclonal-antibodies-treat-covid-19-due-omicron."},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"(2022, April 26). FDA Updates Sotrovimab Emergency Use Authorization, Available online: https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/drugs\/drug-safety-and-availability\/fda-updates-sotrovimab-emergency-use-authorization."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Focosi, D., Franchini, M., Pirofski, L.A., Burnouf, T., Paneth, N., Joyner, M.J., and Casadevall, A. (2022). COVID-19 Convalescent Plasma and Clinical Trials: Understanding Conflicting Outcomes. Clin. Microbiol. Rev., e0020021.","DOI":"10.1128\/cmr.00200-21"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2033700","article-title":"Early High-Titer Plasma Therapy to Prevent Severe Covid-19 in Older Adults","volume":"384","author":"Libster","year":"2021","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1700","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2119657","article-title":"Early Outpatient Treatment for Covid-19 with Convalescent Plasma","volume":"386","author":"Sullivan","year":"2021","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2583","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-29911-3","article-title":"Prospective individual patient data meta-analysis of two randomized trials on convalescent plasma for COVID-19 outpatients","volume":"13","author":"Gharbharan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1080\/14760584.2021.1932475","article-title":"Potential use of convalescent plasma for SARS-CoV-2 prophylaxis and treatment in immunocompromised and vulnerable populations","volume":"21","author":"Focosi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Vaccines"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2290","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2020008423","article-title":"Convalescent plasma therapy for B-cell-depleted patients with protracted COVID-19","volume":"136","author":"Hueso","year":"2020","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_10","unstructured":"US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (2022, June 12). Clinical Memorandum Re: EUA 26382. Product: COVID-19 Convalescent Plasma, Available online: https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/media\/141477\/download."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1477","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc2120219","article-title":"Resistance mutations in SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant after sotrovimab use","volume":"386","author":"Rockett","year":"2021","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huygens, S., Oude Munnink, B., Gharbharan, A., Koopmans, M., and Rijnders, B. (2022). High incidence of sotrovimab resistance and viral persistence after treatment of immunocompromised patients infected with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant. MedRxiv.","DOI":"10.1101\/2022.04.06.22273503"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2116044","article-title":"Molnupiravir for Oral Treatment of Covid-19 in Nonhospitalized Patients","volume":"386","author":"Musungaie","year":"2022","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_14","unstructured":"M\u00fcller-Tidow, C., Janssen, M., Sch\u00e4kel, U., Gall, J., Leo, A., Stelmach, P., Krisam, J., Baumann, L., Stermann, J., and Merle, U. A randomized controlled clinical trial demonstrates that plam from convalescent and vaccinated donors improves outcome o COVID-19 in patients with hematological disease, cancer or immunosuppression. Proceedings of the European Hematology Association, Vienna, Austria. Available online: https:\/\/library.ehaweb.org\/eha\/2022\/eha2022-congress\/357146\/carsten.mller-tidow.a.randomized.controlled.clinical.trial.demonstrates.that.html?f=menu%3D6%2Abrowseby%3D8%2Asortby%3D2%2Amedia%3D3%2Ace_id%3D2233%2Aot_id%3D26862%2Amarker%3D1751%2Afeatured%3D17676."},{"key":"ref_15","unstructured":"Focosi, D., Franchini, M., Joyner, M.J., Casadevall, A., and Sullivan, D.J. (2021). 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Available online: https:\/\/www.uslnordovest.toscana.it\/igea\/attachments\/article\/3447\/Precisazioni%20terapie%20antiCovid_08062022_clean.pdf."}],"container-title":["Life"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-1729\/12\/7\/1098\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T23:55:27Z","timestamp":1760140527000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-1729\/12\/7\/1098"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,21]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]}},"alternative-id":["life12071098"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/life12071098","relation":{},"ISSN":["2075-1729"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2075-1729","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,21]]}}}