{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T01:33:04Z","timestamp":1791595984186,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,16]],"date-time":"2022-08-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660608000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Life"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Intestinal resection causes inevitable vascular damage, which cannot always be seen during an intraoperative clinical assessment of local intestinal perfusion. If left unaltered, impaired perfusion can lead to complications, such as anastomotic leakage (AL). Therefore, we demonstrate the use of a novel laparoscopic laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI)-based approach in order to assess local intestinal perfusion during the construction of intestinal anastomoses. Methods: Three segments were isolated from the small intestine of a pig, while the perfusion of each was compromised by coagulating 7\u20138 mesenteric arteries. Both clinical assessments and LSCI were used to detect the induced perfusion deficits and to subsequently guide a transection in either a well perfused, marginally perfused, or poorly perfused tissue area within the segment. Bowel ends were then utilized for the creation of three differently perfused anastomoses: well perfused\/well perfused (anastomosis segment 1), well perfused\/poorly perfused (anastomosis segment 2), and poorly perfused\/poorly perfused (anastomosis segment 3). After construction of the anastomoses, a final perfusion assessment using both clinical assessment and LSCI was executed in order to evaluate the vascular viability of the anastomosis. Results: Laparoscopic LSCI enabled continuous assessment of local intestinal perfusion and allowed for detection of perfusion deficits in real time. The imaging feedback precisely guided the surgical procedure, and, when evaluating the final anastomotic perfusion, LSCI was able to visualize the varying degrees of perfusion, whereas standard clinical assessment yielded only minor differences in visual appearance of the tissue. Conclusions: In this technical note, we demonstrate a novel LSCI-based approach for intraoperative perfusion assessment. With its ability to continuously visualize perfusion in real time, laparoscopic LSCI has significant potential for the optimization of anastomotic surgery in the near future.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life12081251","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,16]],"date-time":"2022-08-16T23:44:25Z","timestamp":1660693465000},"page":"1251","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Laparoscopic Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging Can Visualize Anastomotic Perfusion: A Demonstration in a Porcine Model"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9056-6838","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aurelia","family":"Wildeboer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0784-1876","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wido","family":"Heeman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Campus Frysl\u00e2n, University of Groningen, 8911 CE Leeuwarden, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, University Medical Centre Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands"},{"name":"LIMIS Development BV, 8934 AD Leeuwarden, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arne","family":"van der Bilt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, University Medical Centre Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christiaan","family":"Hoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Medical Centre Leeuwarden, 8934 AD Leeuwarden, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joost","family":"Calon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ZiuZ Visual Intelligence BV, 8401 DK Gorredijk, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7928-5309","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"E. Christiaan","family":"Boerma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care, Medical Centre Leeuwarden, 8934 AD Leeuwarden, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahdi","family":"Al-Taher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Bouvy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.4240\/wjgs.v3.i5.59","article-title":"How to assess intestinal viability during surgery: A review of techniques","volume":"3","author":"Urbanavicius","year":"2011","journal-title":"World J. 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Nutr."}],"container-title":["Life"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-1729\/12\/8\/1251\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T00:10:45Z","timestamp":1760141445000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-1729\/12\/8\/1251"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,16]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]}},"alternative-id":["life12081251"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/life12081251","relation":{},"ISSN":["2075-1729"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2075-1729","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,16]]}}}