{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T08:55:37Z","timestamp":1762073737893,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,13]],"date-time":"2022-11-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668297600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Life"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: People with psychiatric disorders have a high prevalence of HCV. For this reason, tailored interventions should be developed to reach this population. Methods: We performed a retrospective study on patients treated for HCV infection in psychiatric nursing homes, approached with a quick diagnosis, staging and treatment. Results: We included data on 586 people screened for HCV with quick tests. High HCV seroprevalence was found in this population (231; 39.4%). Among people who tested positive, there were high rates of active infection (220; 95.2%). Out of the 220 patients with active infection, 95.9% were male, 85.5% were Italian, median age was 43 (IQR = 35\u201352) years old. In the majority of cases (162; 73.6%), the risk factor was unknown. The most common genotype was 3a (98; 44.5%), and patients mostly had a low fibrosis, according with FIB-4 value (142; 64.5%). Of them, one (0.45%) categorically refused the treatment, and one (0.45%) had liver cirrhosis and advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Overall, 218 patients underwent eligibility for DAAs. The most prescribed treatment was glecaprevir\/pibrentasvir (GLE\/PIB (172; 78.2%)). The others practiced sofosbuvir\/velpatasvir (SOF\/VEL). All patients reached the end of treatment. One (0.45%) was lost to follow up, and all the others reached the SVR12. Conclusions: The point-of-care testing and pangenotypic DAAs\u2019 availability represent one of the most important steps for a fast diagnostic and therapeutical option. Tailored microelimination pathways for every difficult-to-reach\/to-treat populations are needed. This would allow us to move more easily towards HCV elimination.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life12111873","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,14]],"date-time":"2022-11-14T02:33:10Z","timestamp":1668393190000},"page":"1873","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Viral Hepatitis C New Microelimination Pathways Objective: Psychiatric Communities HCV Free"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7444-1920","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vito","family":"Fiore","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8265-5400","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"De Vito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Agnese","family":"Colpani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Manca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ivana","family":"Maida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6099-2273","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giordano","family":"Madeddu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7291-8687","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sergio","family":"Babudieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1497","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23808","article-title":"Is sexual contact a major mode of hepatitis C virus transmission?","volume":"52","author":"Tohme","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zaltron, S., Spinetti, A., Biasi, L., Baiguera, C., and Castelli, F. (2012). Chronic HCV infection: Epidemiological and clinical relevance. BMC Infect. Dis., 12.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-12-S2-S2"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2010.217166","article-title":"Predicting spontaneous clearance of acute hepatitis C virus in a large cohort of HIV-1-infected men","volume":"60","author":"Thomson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2008.07.005","article-title":"Acute hepatitis C: Current status and remaining challenges","volume":"49","author":"Santantonio","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_5","unstructured":"WHO (2022, September 29). Hepatitis C factsheets. Switzerland., Available online: https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/hepatitis-c."},{"key":"ref_6","unstructured":"WHO (2022, September 29). Combating Hepatitis B and C to Reach Elimination by 2030 Geneva, Switzerland. Available online: https:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/handle\/10665\/206453."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.14745","article-title":"Feasibility and efficacy of 8 week Glecaprevir\/Pibrentasvir to treat incarcerated viraemic HCV patients: A case-control study","volume":"41","author":"Fiore","year":"2021","journal-title":"Liver Int."},{"key":"ref_8","unstructured":"(2022, September 29). Polaris Observatory Data. Available online: http:\/\/polarisobservatory.org\/polaris\/graphs.htm."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marascio, N., Liberto, M., Barreca, G., Zicca, E., Quirino, A., Lamberti, A., Bianco, G., Matera, G., Surace, L., and Berardelli, G. (2014). Update on epidemiology of HCV in Italy: Focus on the Calabria Region. BMC Infect. Dis., 14.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-14-S5-S2"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e187428582205300","DOI":"10.2174\/18742858-v16-e2205300","article-title":"Circulating Genotypes of Hepatitis C Virus in Italian Patients before and after the Application of Wider Access Criteria to HCV Treatment","volume":"16","author":"Zago","year":"2022","journal-title":"Open Microbiol. J."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.14779","article-title":"Progress towards hepatitis C virus elimination in high-income countries: An updated analysis","volume":"41","author":"Gamkrelidze","year":"2021","journal-title":"Liver Int."},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"w14544","article-title":"Management of hepatitis C in decentralised versus centralised drug substitution programmes and minimally invasive point-of-care tests to close gaps in the HCV cascade","volume":"147","author":"Bregenzer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Swiss Med. Wkly."},{"key":"ref_13","unstructured":"AISF (2022, September 29). Documento di Indirizzo dell\u2019Associazione Italiana per lo Studio del Fegato per l\u2019Uso Razionale dei Farmaci Anti-HCV Disponibili in Italia. Available online: https:\/\/www.webaisf.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/documento_hcv_200618.pdf."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2021.100279","article-title":"Hepatitis C prevalences in the psychiatric setting: Cost-effectiveness of scaling-up screening and direct-acting antiviral therapy","volume":"3","author":"Girardin","year":"2021","journal-title":"JHEP Rep."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guti\u00e9rrez-Rojas, L., de la G\u00e1ndara Mart\u00edn, J.J., Garc\u00eda Buey, L., Uriz Otano, J.I., Mena, \u00c1., and Roncero, C. (2022). Patients with severe mental illness and hepatitis C virus infection benefit from new pangenotypic direct-acting antivirals: Results of a literature review. Gastroenterol. Hepatol., 17.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gastrohep.2022.06.001"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103055","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2020.103055","article-title":"HCV testing and treatment initiation in an Italian prison setting: A step-by-step model to micro-eliminate hepatitis C","volume":"90","author":"Fiore","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Drug Policy"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fiore, V., Rastrelli, E., Madeddu, G., Ranieri, R., De Vito, A., Giuliani, R., Di Mizio, G., Bolcato, M., De Matteis, G., and Ialungo, A.M. (2022). HCV spread among female incarcerated population and treatment pathways to viral elimination in Italian prison settings: Clinical perspectives and medico legal aspects. BMC Infect Dis., 22.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-022-07565-2"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schmidbauer, C., Schwarz, M., Sch\u00fctz, A., Schubert, R., Schwanke, C., Gutic, E., Pirker, R., Lang, T., Reiberger, T., and Haltmayer, H. (2021). Directly observed therapy at opioid substitution facilities using sofosbuvir\/velpatasvir results in excellent SVR12 rates in PWIDs at high risk for non-adherence to DAA therapy. PLoS ONE, 16.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0252274"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schmidbauer, C., Schubert, R., Sch\u00fctz, A., Schwanke, C., Luhn, J., Gutic, E., Pirker, R., Lang, T., Reiberger, T., and Haltmayer, H. (2020). Directly observed therapy for HCV with glecaprevir\/pibrentasvir alongside opioid substitution in people who inject drugs-First real world data from Austria. PLoS ONE, 15.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0229239"},{"key":"ref_20","unstructured":"(2022, September 29). General Authorisation to Process Personal Data for Scientific Research Purposes\u20141 March 2012 [1884019]. Available online: https:\/\/www.garanteprivacy.it\/home\/docweb\/-\/docweb-display\/docweb\/1884019."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2018.06.017","article-title":"Treatment with direct-acting antivirals in a multicenter cohort of HCV-infected inmates in Italy","volume":"59","author":"Pontali","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Drug Policy"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.20375","article-title":"Correlates of HIV, HBV, and HCV infections in a prison inmate population: Results from a multicentre study in Italy","volume":"76","author":"Babudieri","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Med. Virol."},{"key":"ref_23","first-page":"163","article-title":"HIVAb, HCVAb and HBsAg seroprevalence among inmates of the prison of Bologna and the effect of counselling on the compliance of proposed tests","volume":"28","author":"Sabbatani","year":"2004","journal-title":"Epidemiol. Prev."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2671","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.278456","article-title":"Changes in testing for human immunodefi- ciency virus, sexually transmitted infections, and hepatitis C virus in opioid treatment programs","volume":"31","author":"Bachhuber","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2008.09.009","article-title":"Successful treatment of chronic hepatitis C with pegylated interferon in combination with ribavirin in a methadone maintenance treatment program","volume":"37","author":"Litwin","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Subst. Abuse Treat."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1406","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.12998","article-title":"A systematic review on models of care effectiveness and barriers to Hepatitis C treatment in prison settings in the EU\/EEA","volume":"25","author":"Vroling","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Viral Hep."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"926414","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.926414","article-title":"Quick diagnosis, staging, and treatment of HCV infection among people living in prison: Opinion expert panel","volume":"10","author":"Fiore","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Public Health"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2014.302071","article-title":"Survey of US Correctional Institutions for Routine HCV Testing","volume":"105","author":"Beckwith","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am. J. Public Health"}],"container-title":["Life"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-1729\/12\/11\/1873\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:17:26Z","timestamp":1760145446000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-1729\/12\/11\/1873"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,13]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]}},"alternative-id":["life12111873"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/life12111873","relation":{},"ISSN":["2075-1729"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2075-1729"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,13]]}}}