{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T07:30:22Z","timestamp":1784619022020,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,16]],"date-time":"2022-11-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668556800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Indian Council of Medical Research","award":["3\/1\/1(20)\/2022-NCD-I"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3\/1\/1(20)\/2022-NCD-I"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Life"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Takayasu arteritis (TAK) could cause a stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) in young individuals due to inflammatory vascular occlusion or intracerebral hemorrhage. We compared the clinical presentation, angiographic features, longitudinal patterns of disease activity, medical treatments, and survival in 34 TAK patients with stroke\/TIA and 157 without stroke\/TIA from a single-center retrospective cohort. TAK patients with stroke\/TIA were older (p = 0.044) with a greater proportion of males (p = 0.022), more frequent vision loss (odds ratio (OR) for stroke\/TIA vs. without stroke TIA 5.21, 95% CI 1.42\u201319.14), and less frequent pulse or blood pressure inequality (OR 0.43, 95% CI 0.19\u20130.96) than TAK patients without stroke\/TIA. Hata\u2019s angiographic type IIa was more common in TAK patients with stroke\/TIA (OR 11.00, 95%CI 2.60\u201346.58) and type V in TAK patients without stroke\/TIA (OR 0.27, 95% CI 0.12\u20130.58). Cyclophosphamide was used more often in TAK patients with stroke\/TIA (p = 0.018). Disease activity at baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months of follow-up was mostly similar for both groups. Risk of mortality was similar in TAK patients with or without stroke\/TIA (hazard ratio unadjusted 0.76, 95% CI 0.15\u20133.99; adjusted for gender, age of disease onset, delay to diagnosis, baseline disease activity, and the number of conventional or biologic\/targeted synthetic immunosuppressants used 1.38, 95% CI 0.19\u201310.20) even after propensity score-matched analyses. Stroke or TIA does not appear to affect survival in TAK patients adversely.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life12111904","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]],"date-time":"2022-11-17T03:24:34Z","timestamp":1668655474000},"page":"1904","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Comparison of Presentation and Prognosis of Takayasu Arteritis with or without Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack\u2014A Retrospective Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5035-7396","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Durga Prasanna","family":"Misra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow 226014, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1658-8155","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Upendra","family":"Rathore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow 226014, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prabhaker","family":"Mishra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow 226014, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kritika","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow 226014, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Darpan R.","family":"Thakare","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow 226014, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2756-117X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manas Ranjan","family":"Behera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow 226014, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neeraj","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiodiagnosis, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow 226014, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9748-2215","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manish","family":"Ora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow 226014, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dharmendra Singh","family":"Bhadauria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow 226014, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanjay","family":"Gambhir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow 226014, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sudeep","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow 226014, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4508-1233","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vikas","family":"Agarwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow 226014, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-021-00327-5","article-title":"Large-vessel vasculitis","volume":"7","author":"Pugh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. 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