{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T15:11:54Z","timestamp":1787238714215,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,22]],"date-time":"2022-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669075200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Science and Technology Council","award":["MOST 109-2320-B-039-043"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 109-2320-B-039-043"]}]},{"name":"National Science and Technology Council","award":["MOST 111-2320-B-039-031-MY2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 111-2320-B-039-031-MY2"]}]},{"name":"National Science and Technology Council","award":["CMU 109-MF-56"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMU 109-MF-56"]}]},{"name":"National Science and Technology Council","award":["CMU 110-S-12"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMU 110-S-12"]}]},{"name":"National Science and Technology Council","award":["1-CMUBHR109-005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1-CMUBHR109-005"]}]},{"name":"China Medical University","award":["MOST 109-2320-B-039-043"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 109-2320-B-039-043"]}]},{"name":"China Medical University","award":["MOST 111-2320-B-039-031-MY2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 111-2320-B-039-031-MY2"]}]},{"name":"China Medical University","award":["CMU 109-MF-56"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMU 109-MF-56"]}]},{"name":"China Medical University","award":["CMU 110-S-12"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMU 110-S-12"]}]},{"name":"China Medical University","award":["1-CMUBHR109-005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1-CMUBHR109-005"]}]},{"name":"Medical Research and Education Department, China Medical University, Beigang Hospital","award":["MOST 109-2320-B-039-043"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 109-2320-B-039-043"]}]},{"name":"Medical Research and Education Department, China Medical University, Beigang Hospital","award":["MOST 111-2320-B-039-031-MY2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 111-2320-B-039-031-MY2"]}]},{"name":"Medical Research and Education Department, China Medical University, Beigang Hospital","award":["CMU 109-MF-56"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMU 109-MF-56"]}]},{"name":"Medical Research and Education Department, China Medical University, Beigang Hospital","award":["CMU 110-S-12"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMU 110-S-12"]}]},{"name":"Medical Research and Education Department, China Medical University, Beigang Hospital","award":["1-CMUBHR109-005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1-CMUBHR109-005"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Life"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Laser acupuncture (LA) has been more applicated in the clinical practice with good responses, but the dosage and parameter settings are still inconsistent with the arguments. This study is focused on the effect of LA on heart rate variability (HRV) with different energy density (ED). Based on the Arndt\u2013Schulz law, we hypothesized that the effective range should fall within 0.01 to 10 J\/cm2 of ED, and settings above 10 J\/cm2 would perform opposite or inhibitory results. We recruited healthy adults in both sexes as subjects and choose bilateral PC6 (Neiguan) as the intervention points to observe the HRV indexes changes by an external wrist autonomic nerve system (ANS) watch on the left forearm. The data from the ANS watch, including heart rate, blood pressure, and ANS activity indexes, such as low frequency (LF), high frequency (HF), LF%, HF%, LF\/HF ratio, and so on, were analyzed by the one-way ANOVA method to test the possible effect. In this study, every subject received all three different EDs of LA in a randomized order. After analyzing the data of 20 subjects, the index of HF% was upward and LF\/HF ratio was downward when the ED was 7.96 J\/cm2. Otherwise, the strongest ED 23.87 J\/cm2 performed the opposite reaction. Appropriately, LA intervention could affect the ANS activities, with the tendency to increase the ratio of parasympathetic and decrease the ratio of sympathetic nerve system activities with statistically significant results, and different ED interventions are consistent with Arndt\u2013Schulz law with opposite performance below and above 10 J\/cm2.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life12121951","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,22]],"date-time":"2022-11-22T08:27:29Z","timestamp":1669105649000},"page":"1951","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["The Dosage Effect of Laser Acupuncture at PC6 (Neiguan) on Heart Rate Variability: A Pilot Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Yi-Chuan","family":"Chang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404328, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Beigang Hospital, Yunlin 651012, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3660-4511","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chun-Ming","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Imaging, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404333, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ing-Shiow","family":"Lay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Beigang Hospital, Yunlin 651012, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Post Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404328, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9510-3146","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu-Chen","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404328, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404328, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404328, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheng-Hao","family":"Tu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404328, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.34172\/jlms.2020.61","article-title":"Laser Acupuncture: 35 Years of Successful Application in Russia (Narrative Review)","volume":"11","author":"Moskvin","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. 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