{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T17:02:13Z","timestamp":1772816533985,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,10]],"date-time":"2023-01-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673308800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Life"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Primary large B-cell lymphoma of immune-privileged sites (IP-LBCL) is a rare malignant hematological neoplasm. Involvement of the cerebellum is even rarer and its diagnosis is often difficult to make due to its non-specific clinical and radiological presentation. Methods: We reported 3 cases of cerebellar IP-LBCL followed at our hospital and reviewed the medical literature to unravel the peculiarities of this poorly studied entity. Outcomes: Analyzing our cases and reviewing the literature, we could collect and study 26 cases of cerebellar IP-LBCL. To the best of our knowledge, this is the largest cohort of such patients currently published. Conclusion: Cerebellar IP-LBCL presents more often in adult females with cerebellum-related focal neurological signs such as ataxia, headache, and nausea. Histological confirmation is mandatory for a correct diagnosis and treatment and all cases feature diffuse large B-cell lymphoma histopathology. Compared to other encephalic IP-LBCL, cerebellar cases seem to include a higher number of cases with germinal center B-cell phenotype and better survival. These differences may be related to a different immune microenvironment and especially immunoregulation that distinguishes the cerebellum from other areas of the CNS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life13010201","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,11]],"date-time":"2023-01-11T02:06:03Z","timestamp":1673402763000},"page":"201","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Primary Large B-Cell Lymphoma of Immune-Privileged Sites of the Cerebellum: A Case Series and Review of the Literature"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5582-6131","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saverio","family":"Pancetti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20090 Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Pathology Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daoud","family":"Rahal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4327-1586","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bethania","family":"Fernades","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carlo","family":"Galli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5714-7295","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvia","family":"Uccella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20090 Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Pathology Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luigi Maria","family":"Terracciano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20090 Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Pathology Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Federico","family":"Pessina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20090 Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Neurosurgery Department, IRCCS Humanitas Clinical and Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6797-7105","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Bello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgical Oncology Unit, Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, IRCCS Galeazzi-Sant\u2019Ambrogio, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, 20161 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3258-0727","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arturo","family":"Bonometti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20090 Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Pathology Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1177\/1756285608101222","article-title":"Primary CNS Lymphoma","volume":"2","author":"Schlegel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ther. 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