{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T19:34:14Z","timestamp":1791488054955,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,13]],"date-time":"2023-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673568000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Life"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: This study aimed to investigate the effects of a home-based exercise training program on Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy (CAN) and metabolic profile in Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD) patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (HD). Method: Twenty-eight DKD patients undergoing hemodialysis were randomly assigned into two groups. The exercise (EX) group followed a 6-month combined exercise training program at home, while the control (CO) group remained untrained. All participants at baseline and the end of the study underwent cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET), biochemical tests for glucose and lipid profile, and 24-h electrocardiographic monitoring for heart rate variability (HRV) analysis and heart rate turbulence (HRT). Results: At the end of the study, compared to the CO, the EX group showed a significant increase in serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) by 27.7% (p = 0.01), peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) by 9.3% (p &lt; 0.05), the standard deviation of R-R intervals (SDNN) by 34.3% (p = 0.03), percentage of successive RR intervals higher than 50ms (pNN50) by 51.1% (p = 0.02), turbulence slope (TS) index by 18.4% (p = 0.01), and decrease in (glycated hemoglobin) HbA1c by 12.5% (p = 0.04) and low-frequency power LF (ms2) by 29.7% (p = 0.01). Linear regression analysis after training showed that VO2peak was correlated with SDNN (r = 0.55, p = 0.03) and HF (r = 0.72, p = 0.02). Multiple regression analysis indicated that the improvement of sympathovagal balance and aerobic capacity depended on patients\u2019 participation in exercise training. Conclusion: In conclusion, a 6-month home-based mixed-type exercise program can improve cardiac autonomic function and metabolic profile in DKD patients on HD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life13010232","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,16]],"date-time":"2023-01-16T03:10:34Z","timestamp":1673838634000},"page":"232","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Effects of Home-Based Exercise Training on Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy and Metabolic Profile in Diabetic Hemodialysis Patients"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7097-2927","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vassiliki","family":"Michou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sports Medicine Laboratory, School of Physical Education & Sport Science, Aristotle University, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7564-2724","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vassilios","family":"Liakopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, AHEPA Hospital, Aristotle University, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefanos","family":"Roumeliotis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, AHEPA Hospital, Aristotle University, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Athanasios","family":"Roumeliotis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, AHEPA Hospital, Aristotle University, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Anifanti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sports Medicine Laboratory, School of Physical Education & Sport Science, Aristotle University, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georgios","family":"Tsamos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Hygiene, Department of Internal Medicine, Agios Dimitrios Hospital, Aristotle University, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0437-5208","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aikaterini","family":"Papagianni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Hippokration Hospital, Aristotle University, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8821-406X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pantelis","family":"Zempekakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sports Medicine Laboratory, School of Physical Education & Sport Science, Aristotle University, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7765-1897","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asterios","family":"Deligiannis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sports Medicine Laboratory, School of Physical Education & Sport Science, Aristotle University, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5023-2542","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evangelia","family":"Kouidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sports Medicine Laboratory, School of Physical Education & Sport Science, Aristotle University, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.2337\/dc16-2042","article-title":"Diabetic Neuropathy: A Position Statement by the American Diabetes Association","volume":"40","author":"Boulton","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2015.01.031","article-title":"The association between abnormal heart rate variability and new onset of chronic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes: A ten-year follow-up study","volume":"108","author":"Yun","year":"2015","journal-title":"Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.14797\/mdcj-14-4-251","article-title":"Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy in Diabetes Mellitus","volume":"14","author":"Agashe","year":"2018","journal-title":"Methodist Debakey Cardiovasc. J."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.4239\/wjd.v5.i1.17","article-title":"Cardiac autonomic neuropathy in patients with diabetes mellitus","volume":"5","author":"Dimitropoulos","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J. Diabetes"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1007\/s11892-006-0074-z","article-title":"Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy: Diagnosis and management","volume":"6","author":"Vinik","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr. Diabetes Rep."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780679","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.780679","article-title":"The Association Between Cardiovascular Autonomic Function and Changes in Kidney and Myocardial Function in Type 2 Diabetes and Healthy Controls","volume":"12","author":"Laursen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2012.401","article-title":"Intensive glucose control improves kidney outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes","volume":"83","author":"Perkovic","year":"2013","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.2147\/IJNRD.S40172","article-title":"Diabetic nephropathy & complications and treatment","volume":"7","author":"Lim","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Nephrol. Renov. Dis."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"BSR20203624","DOI":"10.1042\/BSR20203624","article-title":"Effects of physical activity on the progression of diabetic nephropathy: A meta-analysis","volume":"41","author":"Cai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biosci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4103\/1110-6611.254615","article-title":"Effect of intradialytic aerobic exercise on patients with diabetic nephropathy","volume":"24","author":"Neveen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bull. Fac. Phys. Ther."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102642","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2020.102642","article-title":"A 12-month lifestyle intervention does not improve cardiac autonomic function in patients with chronic kidney disease","volume":"224","author":"Huppertz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Auton. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"367","article-title":"Effects of aerobic training during hemodialysis on heart rate variability and left ventricular function in end-stage renal disease patients","volume":"32","author":"Reboredo","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Br. Nefrol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1159\/000521288","article-title":"Charlson Comorbidity Index: A Critical Review of Clinimetric Properties","volume":"91","author":"Charlson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Psychother. Psychosom."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e4973","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000004973","article-title":"Predicting mortality from change-over-time in the Charlson Comorbidity Index","volume":"95","author":"Fraccaro","year":"2016","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwq433","article-title":"Updating and Validating the Charlson Comorbidity Index and Score for Risk Adjustment in Hospital Discharge Abstracts Using Data From 6 Countries","volume":"173","author":"Quan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1631\/jzus.B1300109","article-title":"Charlson comorbidity index helps predict the risk of mortality for patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy","volume":"15","author":"Huang","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1209","DOI":"10.1111\/ctr.12796","article-title":"Feasibility of exercise stress echocardiography for cardiac risk assessment in chronic kidney disease patients prior to renal transplantation","volume":"30","author":"Nerlekar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. Transplant."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2017.08.015","article-title":"Exercise training and cardiac autonomic function in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review","volume":"12","author":"Bhati","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab. Syndr. Clin. Res. Rev."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1042\/cs0970005","article-title":"Role of nitric oxide in the regulation of cardiovascular autonomic control","volume":"97","author":"Chowdhary","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin. Sci."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1270","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.25.6.1270","article-title":"Modulation of Cardiac Autonomic Control in Humans by Angiotensin II","volume":"25","author":"Townend","year":"1995","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-445X.2002.tb00055.x","article-title":"Mortality, cardiac vagal control and physical training\u2014What\u2019s the link?","volume":"87","author":"Buch","year":"2002","journal-title":"Exp. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1152\/physiol.00041.2018","article-title":"Cardiac Vagus and Exercise","volume":"34","author":"Gourine","year":"2019","journal-title":"Physiology"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1351","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199910283411804","article-title":"Heart-Rate Recovery Immediately after Exercise as a Predictor of Mortality","volume":"341","author":"Cole","year":"1999","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-132-7-200004040-00007","article-title":"Heart Rate Recovery after Submaximal Exercise Testing as a Predictor of Mortality in a Cardiovascularly Healthy Cohort","volume":"132","author":"Cole","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2007.02.038","article-title":"Effects of exercise training on heart rate recovery in patients with chronic heart failure","volume":"153","author":"Myers","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am. Heart J."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1007\/s10741-017-9662-z","article-title":"Exercise therapy and autonomic function in heart failure patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"23","author":"Pearson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Heart Fail Rev."},{"key":"ref_27","unstructured":"Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and the North American Society of Pacing Electrophysiology (1996). Heart Rate Variability. Standards of Measurement, Physiological Interpretation, and Clinical Use. Circulation, 93, 1043\u20131065."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107813","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2019.107813","article-title":"Impaired heart rate variability, Valsalva and 30:15 ratio indexes are associated with reduced submaximal exercise capacity in subjects with diabetes mellitus","volume":"155","author":"Bonete","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(87)90795-8","article-title":"Decreased heart rate variability and its association with increased mortality after acute myocardial infarction","volume":"59","author":"Kleiger","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2007.035303","article-title":"Heart rate variability modifications following exercise training in type 2 diabetic patients with definite cardiac autonomic neuropathy","volume":"42","author":"Pagkalos","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br. J. Sports Med."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1469","DOI":"10.1007\/s40200-021-00889-x","article-title":"Cardiac Autonomic Modulation in Response to Three Types of Exercise in Patients with Type 2 Diabetic Neuropathy","volume":"20","author":"Piralaiy","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Diabetes Metab. Disord."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(99)00234-9","article-title":"Effects of physical training on heart rate variability in patients on hemodialysis","volume":"84","author":"Deligiannis","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2009.03.009","article-title":"Effects of Exercise Training on Noninvasive Cardiac Measures in Patients Undergoing Long-term Hemodialysis: A Randomized Controlled Trial","volume":"54","author":"Kouidi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am. J. Kidney Dis."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1097\/HJR.0b013e32833188c4","article-title":"Depression, heart rate variability, and exercise training in dialysis patients","volume":"17","author":"Kouidi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur. J. Cardiovasc. Prev. Rehabil."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.2147\/JMDH.S202889","article-title":"Is aerobic exercise training during hemodialysis a reliable intervention for autonomic dysfunction in individuals with chronic kidney disease? A prospective longitudinal clinical trial","volume":"12","author":"Morais","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Multidiscip. Healthc."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1097\/01.NPR.0000651104.30787.7a","article-title":"Diabetes-associated cardiac autonomic neuropathy","volume":"45","author":"Wooton","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nurse Pract."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1007\/s102860200025","article-title":"The influence of autonomic neuropathy on hypotension during hemodialysis","volume":"12","author":"Calvo","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin. Auton. Res."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2004.09.003","article-title":"Heart rate turbulence: A 5-year review","volume":"1","author":"Watanabe","year":"2004","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e8296","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000008296","article-title":"Combination of Ewing test, heart rate variability, and heart rate turbulence analysis for early diagnosis of diabetic cardiac autonomic neuropathy","volume":"96","author":"Lin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e004610","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.116.004610","article-title":"Heart Rate Turbulence Is a Powerful Predictor of Cardiac Death and Ventricular Arrhythmias in Postmyocardial Infarction and Heart Failure Patients","volume":"9","author":"Disertori","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circ. Arrhythm. Electrophysiol."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1159\/000514269","article-title":"Effect of a Home-Based Exercise Program on Indices of Physical Function and Quality of Life in Elderly Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients","volume":"46","author":"Myers","year":"2021","journal-title":"Kidney Blood Press. Res."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Baggetta, R., on behalf of the EXCITE Working group, D\u2019Arrigo, G., Torino, C., ElHafeez, S.A., Manfredini, F., Mallamaci, F., Zoccali, C., and Tripepi, G. (2018). Effect of a home based, low intensity, physical exercise program in older adults dialysis patients: A secondary analysis of the EXCITE trial. BMC Geriatr., 18.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-018-0938-5"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8302","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-64372-y","article-title":"Comparison of intradialytic versus home-based exercise programs on physical functioning, physical activity level, adherence, and health-related quality of life: Pilot study","volume":"10","author":"Mercer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H76","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00708.2019","article-title":"The effects of exercise training on lipid metabolism and coronary heart disease","volume":"319","author":"Muscella","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.4103\/0971-4065.73442","article-title":"Effects of aerobic exercise and resistance training on lipid profiles and inflammation status in patients on maintenance hemodialysis","volume":"20","author":"Sanavi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Indian J. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.4040\/jkan.2012.42.7.947","article-title":"Effects of Progressive Resistance Training on Body Composition, Physical Fitness and Quality of Life of Patients on Hemodialysis","volume":"42","author":"Song","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Korean Acad. Nurs."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1111\/1744-9987.13469","article-title":"Exercise training during hemodialysis sessions: Physical and biochemical benefits","volume":"24","author":"Torres","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ther. Apher. Dial."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1339","DOI":"10.1007\/s40200-020-00653-7","article-title":"Impact of glycemic control over cardiac autonomic neuropathy","volume":"19","author":"Meher","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Diabetes Metab. Disord."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1837","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.52.7.1837","article-title":"Exercise Training Improves Baroreflex Sensitivity in Type 2 Diabetes","volume":"52","author":"Loimaala","year":"2003","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Achmad, C., Lim, N.S., Pramudyo, M., Iqbal, M., Karwiky, G., Febrianora, M., and Natalia, N. (2022). Relation Between Glycemic Control and Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2. Curr. Probl. Cardiol., 101135.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2022.101135"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1363","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-020-02683-9","article-title":"Comparison of cardiovascular mortality in hemodialysis versus peritoneal dialysis","volume":"53","author":"Ng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. Urol. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.27.5.1047","article-title":"Global Prevalence of Diabetes","volume":"27","author":"Wild","year":"2004","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2022.03.028","article-title":"Syncope in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (part I): An updated systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"357","author":"Mascia","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2021.12.002","article-title":"Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy","volume":"8","author":"Krahn","year":"2022","journal-title":"JACC Clin. Electrophysiol."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mohananey, A., Tseng, A.S., Julakanti, R.R., Gonzalez-Bonilla, H.M., Kruisselbrink, T., Prochnow, C., Rodman, S., Lin, G., Redfield, M.M., and Rosenbaum, A.N. (2022). An intervention strategy to improve genetic testing for dilated cardiomyopathy in a heart failure clinic. Genet. Med., 100341.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gim.2022.11.009"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2587","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000002587","article-title":"Impact of Chronic Kidney Disease on Short-Term Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device Related Infection","volume":"95","author":"Lin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-018-1088-5","article-title":"The influence of age on the psychological profile of patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices: Results from the Italian population in a multicenter study conducted by the European Heart Rhythm Association","volume":"31","author":"Fumagalli","year":"2019","journal-title":"Aging Clin. Exp. Res."}],"container-title":["Life"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-1729\/13\/1\/232\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T18:05:45Z","timestamp":1760119545000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-1729\/13\/1\/232"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,13]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]}},"alternative-id":["life13010232"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/life13010232","relation":{},"ISSN":["2075-1729"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2075-1729","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,13]]}}}