{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T20:42:41Z","timestamp":1764103361527,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":190,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,4]],"date-time":"2023-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675468800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Life"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Ischemia with nonobstructive coronary artery disease (INOCA) is increasingly recognized as a significant cause of angina, myocardial remodeling, and eventually heart failure (HF). Coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) is a major endotype of INOCA, and it is caused by structural and functional alterations of the coronary microcirculation. At the same time, atrial cardiomyopathy (ACM) defined by structural, functional, and electrical atrial remodeling has a major clinical impact due to its manifestations: atrial fibrillation (AF), atrial thrombosis, stroke, and HF symptoms. Both these pathologies share similar risk factors and have a high comorbidity burden. CMD causing INOCA and ACM frequently coexist. Thus, questions arise whether there is a potential link between these pathologies. Does CMD promote AF or the reverse? Which are the mechanisms that ultimately lead to CMD and ACM? Are both part of a systemic disease characterized by endothelial dysfunction? Lastly, which are the therapeutic strategies that can target endothelial dysfunction and improve the prognosis of patients with CMD and ACM? This review aims to address these questions by analyzing the existing body of evidence, offering further insight into the mechanisms of CMD and ACM, and discussing potential therapeutic strategies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life13020443","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,6]],"date-time":"2023-02-06T04:08:07Z","timestamp":1675656487000},"page":"443","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Ischemia with Nonobstructive Coronary Artery Disease and Atrial Cardiomyopathy\u2014Two Sides of the Same Story?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Irina","family":"Afr\u0103s\u00e2nie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Clinic, \u201cSt. Spiridon\u201d County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 700111 Ia\u0219i, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Ia\u0219i, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Iulian Theodor","family":"Matei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Clinic, \u201cSt. Spiridon\u201d County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 700111 Ia\u0219i, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Ia\u0219i, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3114-2824","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sabina Andreea","family":"Leanc\u0103","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Clinic, \u201cSt. Spiridon\u201d County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 700111 Ia\u0219i, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Ia\u0219i, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adriana","family":"Chetran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Clinic, \u201cSt. Spiridon\u201d County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 700111 Ia\u0219i, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Ia\u0219i, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8544-9904","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandru Dan","family":"Costache","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Ia\u0219i, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Rehabilitation, Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital, 700661 Ia\u0219i, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vlad-Adrian","family":"Afr\u0103s\u00e2nie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Ia\u0219i, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Oncology, The Regional Institute of Oncology, 700483 Ia\u0219i, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4679-6895","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bianca-Ana","family":"Dmour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Ia\u0219i, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Cri\u0219u","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Clinic, \u201cSt. Spiridon\u201d County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 700111 Ia\u0219i, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8942-1909","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Minerva Codru\u021ba","family":"B\u0103descu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Ia\u0219i, Romania"},{"name":"Internal Medicine Clinic, \u201cSt. Spiridon\u201d County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 700111 Ia\u0219i, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L\u0103cr\u0103mioara Ionela","family":"\u0218erban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Ia\u0219i, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Irina Iuliana","family":"Costache","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Clinic, \u201cSt. Spiridon\u201d County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 700111 Ia\u0219i, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Ia\u0219i, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1352","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2021.07.042","article-title":"Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction Across the Spectrum of Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":"78","author":"Montone","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.4244\/EIJY20M07_01","article-title":"An EAPCI Expert Consensus Document on Ischaemia with Non-Obstructive Coronary Arteries in Collaboration with European Society of Cardiology Working Group on Coronary Pathophysiology & Microcirculation Endorsed by Coronary Vasomotor Disorders International Study Group","volume":"16","author":"Kunadian","year":"2021","journal-title":"EuroIntervention"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.1646","article-title":"Do Most Patients with Obesity or Type 2 Diabetes, and Atrial Fibrillation, Also Have Undiagnosed Heart Failure? A Critical Conceptual Framework for Understanding Mechanisms and Improving Diagnosis and Treatment","volume":"22","author":"Packer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. J. Heart Fail"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joa.2016.05.002","article-title":"EHRA\/HRS\/APHRS\/SOLAECE Expert Consensus on Atrial Cardiomyopathies: Definition, Characterisation, and Clinical Implication","volume":"32","author":"Goette","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Arrhythm."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8950553","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2022.895053","article-title":"Myocardial Infarction With Non-Obstructive Coronary Arteries: Risk Factors and Associated Comorbidities","volume":"9","author":"Merlo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Cardiovasc. Med."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e014850","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.119.014850","article-title":"Coronary Endothelial Dysfunction Is Associated With Increased Risk of Incident Atrial Fibrillation","volume":"9","author":"Corban","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Am. Heart Assoc."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1609","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2020.11.005","article-title":"Atrial Fibrillation and Endothelial Dysfunction: A Potential Link?","volume":"96","author":"Corban","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mayo Clin. Proc."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e010460","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.120.010460","article-title":"Association of White Matter Hyperintensities and Cardiovascular Disease","volume":"13","author":"Moroni","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circ. Cardiovasc. Imaging"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"904","DOI":"10.4070\/kcj.2020.0352","article-title":"Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction: Is It Distinct Clinical Entity or Common Physiologic Pathway?","volume":"50","author":"Ahn","year":"2020","journal-title":"Korean Circ. J."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731059","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2022.731059","article-title":"Pathophysiologic Basis and Diagnostic Approaches for Ischemia With Non-Obstructive Coronary Arteries: A Literature Review","volume":"9","author":"Fu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Cardiovasc. Med."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/07853890.2019.1711158","article-title":"Endothelial Function in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation","volume":"52","author":"Khan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann. Med."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.15277","article-title":"Endothelial Function and Atrial Fibrillation: A Missing Piece of the Puzzle?","volume":"33","author":"Black","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Cardiovasc. Electrophysiol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13477","DOI":"10.1111\/eci.13477","article-title":"Endothelial Dysfunction and Vascular Maladaptation in Atrial Fibrillation","volume":"51","author":"Qin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1142","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehq010","article-title":"Assessment of Endothelial Function by Non-Invasive Peripheral Arterial Tonometry Predicts Late Cardiovascular Adverse Events","volume":"31","author":"Rubinshtein","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvaa085","article-title":"Endothelial Function in Cardiovascular Medicine: A Consensus Paper of the European Society of Cardiology Working Groups on Atherosclerosis and Vascular Biology, Aorta and Peripheral Vascular Diseases, Coronary Pathophysiology and Microcirculation, and Thrombosis","volume":"117","author":"Alexander","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R605","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00339.2019","article-title":"Reactive Hyperemia: A Review of Methods, Mechanisms, and Considerations","volume":"318","author":"Rosenberry","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. -Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dmour, B.-A., Miftode, R.-S., Iliescu Halitchi, D., Anton-Paduraru, D.T., Iliescu Halitchi, C.-O., Miftode, I.-L., Mitu, O., Costache, A.-D., Stafie, C.-S., and Costache, I.I. (2021). Latest Insights into Mechanisms behind Atrial Cardiomyopathy: It Is Not Always about Ventricular Function. Diagnostics, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics11030449"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.11.013","article-title":"Atrial Failure as a Clinical Entity","volume":"75","author":"Bisbal","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"674612","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2021.674612","article-title":"Atrial Cardiomyopathy: An Emerging Cause of the Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source","volume":"8","author":"Ning","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Cardiovasc. Med."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"942385","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2022.942385","article-title":"Left Atrial Cardiomyopathy\u2014A Challenging Diagnosis","volume":"9","author":"Kreimer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Cardiovasc. Med."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4086","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehy529","article-title":"Systemic Microvascular Dysfunction in Microvascular and Vasospastic Angina","volume":"39","author":"Ford","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2021.08.042","article-title":"Prevention and Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation via Risk Factor Modification","volume":"160","author":"Sturgess","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e003064","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.115.003064","article-title":"Coronary Microvascular Function and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Women With Angina Pectoris and No Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease: The IPOWER Study","volume":"5","author":"Mygind","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Am. Heart Assoc."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.113.300156","article-title":"Smoking and Cardiovascular Disease","volume":"34","author":"Messner","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb. Vasc. Biol."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.2174\/1570161112666140423221843","article-title":"Obesity and Coronary Microvascular Disease\u2014Implications for Adipose Tissue-Mediated Remote Inflammatory Response","volume":"12","author":"Bagi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr. Vasc. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2022","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.09.002","article-title":"Obesity and Atrial Fibrillation Prevalence, Pathogenesis, and Prognosis","volume":"70","author":"Lavie","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_27","first-page":"1","article-title":"The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System in Vascular Inflammation and Remodeling","volume":"2014","author":"Pacurari","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Inflam."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2014.06.003","article-title":"Does Obstructive Sleep Apnea Cause Endothelial Dysfunction? A Critical Review of the Literature","volume":"20","author":"Hoyos","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sleep Med. Rev."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lo Iacono, C.A.M., and Enrico, R. (2020). Correlation between Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome, Arrhythmias and Autonomic Cardiac Activity: A Retrospective Case-Control Study. J. Sleep Disord Manag., 6.","DOI":"10.23937\/2572-4053.1510030"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13046","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.13046","article-title":"Obstructive Sleep Apnea Is Associated with Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction: A Systematic Review from a Clinical Perspective","volume":"29","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Sleep Res."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1097\/MCA.0000000000000058","article-title":"Relationship between Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Coronary Microcirculatory Function among Patients with Cardiac Syndrome X","volume":"25","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Coron. Artery Dis."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"910","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200509-1442OC","article-title":"Association of Nocturnal Arrhythmias with Sleep-Disordered Breathing","volume":"173","author":"Mehra","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2018.0095","article-title":"Associations of Obstructive Sleep Apnea With Atrial Fibrillation and Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Treatment","volume":"3","author":"Linz","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2011.02.343","article-title":"Meta-Analysis of Obstructive Sleep Apnea as Predictor of Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence After Catheter Ablation","volume":"108","author":"Ng","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2011.10.017","article-title":"Atrial Remodeling in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Implications for Atrial Fibrillation","volume":"9","author":"Dimitri","year":"2012","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"932262","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2022.932262","article-title":"Epicardial Adipose Tissue and Cardiac Arrhythmias: Focus on Atrial Fibrillation","volume":"9","author":"Conte","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Cardiovasc. Med."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-021-01237-2","article-title":"Effect of Empagliflozin on Ectopic Fat Stores and Myocardial Energetics in Type 2 Diabetes: The EMPACEF Study","volume":"20","author":"Gaborit","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Diabetol."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2016.01.004","article-title":"Epicardial Fat: A New Cardiovascular Therapeutic Target","volume":"27","author":"Iacobellis","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eaal2658","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aal2658","article-title":"Detecting Human Coronary Inflammation by Imaging Perivascular Fat","volume":"9","author":"Antonopoulos","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2008.09.038","article-title":"Relation between Epicardial Fat Thickness and Coronary Flow Reserve in Women with Chest Pain and Angiographically Normal Coronary Arteries","volume":"204","author":"Sade","year":"2009","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2058","DOI":"10.1038\/s41366-021-00875-6","article-title":"Epicardial Adipose Tissue Differentiates in Patients with and without Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction","volume":"45","author":"Mahmoud","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Obes."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.109.912055","article-title":"Pericardial Fat Is Associated With Prevalent Atrial Fibrillation","volume":"3","author":"Thanassoulis","year":"2010","journal-title":"Circ. Arrhythm. Electrophysiol."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2010.03.071","article-title":"Pericardial Fat Is Independently Associated With Human Atrial Fibrillation","volume":"56","author":"Welles","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1498","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2011.01.027","article-title":"Quantitative Analysis of Quantity and Distribution of Epicardial Adipose Tissue Surrounding the Left Atrium in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Effect of Recurrence After Ablation","volume":"107","author":"Tsao","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8167.2010.01993.x","article-title":"Total and Interatrial Epicardial Adipose Tissues Are Independently Associated With Left Atrial Remodeling in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation","volume":"22","author":"Shin","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Cardiovasc. Electrophysiol."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2223","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehm246","article-title":"Impaired Myocardial Perfusion and Perfusion Reserve Associated with Increased Coronary Resistance in Persistent Idiopathic Atrial Fibrillation","volume":"28","author":"Range","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e009218","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.118.009218","article-title":"Myocardial Perfusion Is Impaired and Relates to Cardiac Dysfunction in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Both Before and After Successful Catheter Ablation","volume":"7","author":"Wijesurendra","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Am. Heart Assoc."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2053","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2008.01.055","article-title":"Isolated Atrial Microvascular Dysfunction in Patients With Lone Recurrent Atrial Fibrillation","volume":"51","author":"Skalidis","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Simmonds, S.J., Cuijpers, I., Heymans, S., and Jones, E.A.V. (2020). Cellular and Molecular Differences between HFpEF and HFrEF: A Step Ahead in an Improved Pathological Understanding. Cells, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9010242"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.02.092","article-title":"A Novel Paradigm for Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction","volume":"62","author":"Paulus","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2029","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.045810","article-title":"Proteomic Evaluation of the Comorbidity-Inflammation Paradigm in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction","volume":"142","author":"Tromp","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2015.10.007","article-title":"Myocardial Microvascular Inflammatory Endothelial Activation in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction","volume":"4","author":"Franssen","year":"2016","journal-title":"JACC Heart Fail"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e001633","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCGENETICS.116.001633","article-title":"Inflammatory Biomarkers Predict Heart Failure Severity and Prognosis in Patients With Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction","volume":"10","author":"Hage","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circ. Cardiovasc. Genet."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.009625","article-title":"Coronary Microvascular Rarefaction and Myocardial Fibrosis in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction","volume":"131","author":"Mohammed","year":"2015","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3439","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehy531","article-title":"Prevalence and Correlates of Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: PROMIS-HFpEF","volume":"39","author":"Shah","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"ref_56","first-page":"29","article-title":"The Relationship between Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction, Atrial Fibrillation and Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction","volume":"11","author":"Ozcan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiovasc. Dis."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2019.09.002","article-title":"HFpEF Is the Substrate for Stroke in Obesity and Diabetes Independent of Atrial Fibrillation","volume":"8","author":"Packer","year":"2020","journal-title":"JACC Heart Fail"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Patel, R.B., Delaney, J.A., Hu, M., Patel, H., Cheng, J., Gottdiener, J., Kizer, J.R., Marcus, G.M., Turakhia, M.P., and Deo, R. (2020). Characterization of Cardiac Mechanics and Incident Atrial Fibrillation in Participants of the Cardiovascular Health Study. JCI Insight, 5.","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.141656"},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4885","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-84133-9","article-title":"Disproportionate Left Atrial Myopathy in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction among Participants of the PROMIS-HFpEF Study","volume":"11","author":"Patel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1492","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.119.312378","article-title":"Peripheral Microvascular Function Reflects Coronary Vascular Function","volume":"39","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb. Vasc. Biol."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2019.12.003","article-title":"Noninvasive Microvascular Indices Reveal Peripheral Vascular Abnormalities in Patients With Suspected Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction","volume":"36","author":"Nardone","year":"2020","journal-title":"Can. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2021.02.085","article-title":"Relationship between Peripheral Arterial Reactive Hyperemia and the Index of Myocardial Resistance in Patients Undergoing Invasive Coronary Angiography","volume":"333","author":"Mangiacapra","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2005.08.018","article-title":"Relation between Peripheral Vascular Endothelial Function and Coronary Flow Reserve in Patients with Chest Pain and Normal Coronary Angiogram","volume":"113","author":"Park","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1339","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehx042","article-title":"Duration of Device-Detected Subclinical Atrial Fibrillation and Occurrence of Stroke in ASSERT","volume":"38","author":"Healey","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.109.849638","article-title":"The Relationship between Daily Atrial Tachyarrhythmia Burden from Implantable Device Diagnostics and Stroke Risk: The TRENDS Study","volume":"2","author":"Glotzer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Circ. Arrhythm. Electrophysiol."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2478","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1313600","article-title":"Cryptogenic Stroke and Underlying Atrial Fibrillation","volume":"370","author":"Sanna","year":"2014","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1864","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.116.013105","article-title":"Thrombus Histology Suggests Cardioembolic Cause in Cryptogenic Stroke","volume":"47","author":"Kleine","year":"2016","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.17116\/patol20208205116","article-title":"Ultrastructural Changes in the Endocardium and Endocrine Cardiomyocytes in the Wall of the Left Atrial Appendage in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation","volume":"82","author":"Ivanova","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arkh. Patol."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2016.10.014","article-title":"Endothelial\u2013Mesenchymal Transition in Human Atrial Fibrillation","volume":"69","author":"Kato","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2005.10.004","article-title":"The Effects of Direct Current Cardioversion for Persistent Atrial Fibrillation on Indices of Endothelial Damage\/Dysfunction","volume":"118","author":"Freestone","year":"2006","journal-title":"Thromb. Res."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2007.09.008","article-title":"Impaired Flow Mediated Dilatation as Evidence of Endothelial Dysfunction in Chronic Atrial Fibrillation","volume":"122","author":"Freestone","year":"2008","journal-title":"Thromb. Res."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1080\/07853890903160726","article-title":"Assessment of Endothelial (Dys)Function in Atrial Fibrillation","volume":"41","author":"Krishnamoorthy","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann. Med."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1562","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/eut121","article-title":"Progressive Endothelial Damage Revealed by Multilevel von Willebrand Factor Plasma Concentrations in Atrial Fibrillation Patients","volume":"15","author":"Scridon","year":"2013","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1067\/mhj.2000.110284","article-title":"Atrial Endocardial Changes in Mitral Valve Disease: A Scanning Electron Microscopy Study","volume":"140","author":"Goldsmith","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am. Heart. J."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e11269","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000011269","article-title":"Prognostic Value of von Willebrand Factor in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation: A Meta-Analysis","volume":"97","author":"Zhong","year":"2018","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.05.058","article-title":"Asymmetric and Symmetric Dimethylarginine Predict Outcomes in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation","volume":"72","author":"Horowitz","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8423","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.103149","article-title":"Inflammatory Activation and Endothelial Dysfunction Markers in Patients with Permanent Atrial Fibrillation: A Cross-Sectional Study","volume":"12","author":"Maida","year":"2020","journal-title":"Aging"},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"928","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000002000","article-title":"Noninvasive Peripheral Vascular Function and Atrial Fibrillation in the General Population","volume":"37","author":"Ojeda","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Hypertens"},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2131","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.9831-17","article-title":"Relationship between Impairment of the Vascular Endothelial Function and the CHA2DS2-VASc Score in Patients with Sinus Rhythm and Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation","volume":"57","author":"Komatsu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2017.06.038","article-title":"Differences in Endothelial Dysfunction Induced by Paroxysmal and Persistent Atrial Fibrillation: Insights from Restoration of Sinus Rhythm by Catheter Ablation","volume":"244","author":"Okawa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2717","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.114.304560","article-title":"Brachial Flow-Mediated Dilation and Incident Atrial Fibrillation: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis","volume":"34","author":"Efird","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb. Vasc. Biol."},{"key":"ref_82","first-page":"278","article-title":"Endothelial Dysfunction in Patients with Lone Atrial Fibrillation","volume":"16","author":"Jangjoo","year":"2020","journal-title":"ARYA Atheroscler"},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.2298\/VSP110429016P","article-title":"Impaired Endothelial Function in Lone Atrial Fibrillation","volume":"70","author":"Polovina","year":"2013","journal-title":"Vojn. Pregl."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e021551","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.121.021551","article-title":"Improvement of Vascular Endothelial Function Reflects Nonrecurrence After Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation","volume":"10","author":"Kanazawa","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Am. Heart Assoc."},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1280","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2012.12.006","article-title":"Atrial Fibrillation-Induced Endothelial Dysfunction Improves after Restoration of Sinus Rhythm","volume":"168","author":"Yoshino","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2362.2007.01744.x","article-title":"Effects of Cardioversion of Atrial Fibrillation on Endothelial Function in Hypertension or Diabetes","volume":"37","author":"Guazzi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1420","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.10-3289","article-title":"The Effect of Weight Loss and Exercise Training on Flow-Mediated Dilatation in Coronary Heart Disease","volume":"140","author":"Ades","year":"2011","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.108.111427","article-title":"Weight Loss Alone Improves Conduit and Resistance Artery Endothelial Function in Young and Older Overweight\/Obese Adults","volume":"52","author":"Pierce","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1381\/0960892054621134","article-title":"Endothelial Function and Weight Loss in Obese Humans","volume":"15","author":"Williams","year":"2005","journal-title":"Obes. Surg."},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jamialahmadi, T., Alidadi, M., Atkin, S.L., Kroh, M., Almahmeed, W., Moallem, S.A., Al-Rasadi, K., Rodriguez, J.H., Santos, R.D., and Ruscica, M. (2022). Effect of Bariatric Surgery on Flow-Mediated Vasodilation as a Measure of Endothelial Function: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J. Clin. Med., 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11144054"},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2015.03.002","article-title":"Long-Term Effect of Goal-Directed Weight Management in an Atrial Fibrillation Cohort","volume":"65","author":"Pathak","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_92","first-page":"1929","article-title":"PREVEntion and RegReSsive Effect of Weight-Loss and Risk Factor Modification on Atrial Fibrillation: The REVERSE-AF Study","volume":"20","author":"Middeldorp","year":"2018","journal-title":"EP Eur."},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2015.06.488","article-title":"Impact of CARDIOrespiratory FITness on Arrhythmia Recurrence in Obese Individuals With Atrial Fibrillation","volume":"66","author":"Pathak","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2015.03.118","article-title":"A Randomised Trial Comparing the Effect of Exercise Training and Weight Loss on Microvascular Function in Coronary Artery Disease","volume":"185","author":"Olsen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2010.10.004","article-title":"Effect of Bariatric Surgery on Peripheral Flow-Mediated Dilation and Coronary Microvascular Function","volume":"22","author":"Nerla","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nutr. Metab. Cardiovasc. Dis."},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bove, K.B., Nilsson, M., Pedersen, L.R., Mikkelsen, N., Suhrs, H.E., Astrup, A., and Prescott, E. (2020). Comprehensive Treatment of Microvascular Angina in Overweight Women\u2014A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial. PLoS ONE, 15.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0240722"},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.12573","article-title":"Effect of CPAP Therapy on Endothelial Function in Obstructive Sleep Apnoea: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"20","author":"Schwarz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Respirology"},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mu\u00f1oz-Hernandez, R., Vallejo-Vaz, A.J., Sanchez Armengol, A., Moreno-Luna, R., Caballero-Eraso, C., Macher, H.C., Villar, J., Merino, A.M., Castell, J., and Capote, F. (2015). Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome, Endothelial Function and Markers of Endothelialization. Changes after CPAP. PLoS ONE, 10.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0122091"},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1126","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.12798","article-title":"Effect of CPAP Withdrawal on Myocardial Perfusion in OSA: A Randomized Controlled Trial","volume":"21","author":"Schwarz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Respirology"},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1007\/s12574-010-0074-5","article-title":"Impaired Coronary Flow Reserve in Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Its Improvement after Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Therapy: A Transthoracic Doppler Echocardiographic Study","volume":"9","author":"Obase","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Echocardiogr."},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2022.04.015","article-title":"Impact of CPAP on the Atrial Fibrillation Substrate in Obstructive Sleep Apnea","volume":"8","author":"Nalliah","year":"2022","journal-title":"JACC Clin. Electrophysiol."},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1872","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.2009.173625","article-title":"Impact of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Treatment on Left Atrial Volume and Function in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Assessed by Real-Time Three-Dimensional Echocardiography","volume":"95","author":"Oliveira","year":"2009","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2018.02.013","article-title":"Treating Obstructive Sleep Apnea with Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Reduces Risk of Recurrent Atrial Fibrillation after Catheter Ablation: A Meta-Analysis","volume":"46","author":"Deng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sleep Med."},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1767","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2015.08.046","article-title":"Meta-Analysis of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure as a Therapy of Atrial Fibrillation in Obstructive Sleep Apnea","volume":"116","author":"Qureshi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1433","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2022.06.016","article-title":"Effect of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Therapy on Recurrence of Atrial Fibrillation after Pulmonary Vein Isolation in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Randomized Controlled Trial","volume":"19","author":"Hunt","year":"2022","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm."},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2018.11.100","article-title":"The Impact of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Treatment on the Recurrence of Atrial Fibrillation Post Cardioversion: A Randomized Controlled Trial","volume":"278","author":"Caples","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1606599","article-title":"CPAP for Prevention of Cardiovascular Events in Obstructive Sleep Apnea","volume":"375","author":"McEvoy","year":"2016","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2018.02.001","article-title":"Impact of Weight Loss on Epicardial Fat and Carotid Intima Media Thickness after Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy: A Prospective Study","volume":"28","author":"Altin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nutr. Metab. Cardiovasc. Dis."},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1242","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2006.12.042","article-title":"Effects of Weight Loss After Bariatric Surgery on Epicardial Fat Measured Using Echocardiography","volume":"99","author":"Willens","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1089\/met.2020.0008","article-title":"Associations of Visceral, Subcutaneous, Epicardial, and Liver Fat with Metabolic Disorders up to 14 Years After Weight Loss Surgery","volume":"19","author":"Hunt","year":"2021","journal-title":"Metab. Syndr. Relat. Disord"},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1956","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2012.12.051","article-title":"Effect of Intensive Versus Moderate Lipid-Lowering Therapy on Epicardial Adipose Tissue in Hyperlipidemic Post-Menopausal Women","volume":"61","author":"Alexopoulos","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.4250\/jcu.2010.18.4.121","article-title":"Effects of Statins on the Epicardial Fat Thickness in Patients with Coronary Artery Stenosis Underwent Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Comparison of Atorvastatin with Simvastatin\/Ezetimibe","volume":"18","author":"Park","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Cardiovasc. Ultrasound."},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e013104","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.119.013104","article-title":"Statins Reduce Epicardial Adipose Tissue Attenuation Independent of Lipid Lowering: A Potential Pleiotropic Effect","volume":"8","author":"Raggi","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Am. Heart Assoc."},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2821","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-021-01710-0","article-title":"Weight Loss and Maintenance Related to the Mechanism of Action of Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists","volume":"38","author":"Ard","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Ther."},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1411892","article-title":"A Randomized, Controlled Trial of 3.0 Mg of Liraglutide in Weight Management","volume":"373","author":"Astrup","year":"2015","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1603827","article-title":"Liraglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes","volume":"375","author":"Marso","year":"2016","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.21718","article-title":"Liraglutide Causes Large and Rapid Epicardial Fat Reduction","volume":"25","author":"Iacobellis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Obesity"},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1097\/HCO.0000000000000673","article-title":"Review of Cardiovascular Outcomes Trials of Sodium\u2013Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors and Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists","volume":"34","author":"North","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1020","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2011-2260","article-title":"Effects of Dapagliflozin on Body Weight, Total Fat Mass, and Regional Adipose Tissue Distribution in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Inadequate Glycemic Control on Metformin","volume":"97","author":"Bolinder","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1068","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.22798","article-title":"Effects of Dapagliflozin on Epicardial Fat Thickness in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity","volume":"28","author":"Iacobellis","year":"2020","journal-title":"Obesity"},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1186\/s13098-017-0275-4","article-title":"Canagliflozin Reduces Epicardial Fat in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus","volume":"9","author":"Yagi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetol. Metab. Syndr."},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1007\/s13300-017-0279-y","article-title":"Ipragliflozin Reduces Epicardial Fat Accumulation in Non-Obese Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Visceral Obesity: A Pilot Study","volume":"8","author":"Fukuda","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetes Ther."},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvx186","article-title":"Effects of Dapagliflozin on Human Epicardial Adipose Tissue: Modulation of Insulin Resistance, Inflammatory Chemokine Production, and Differentiation Ability","volume":"114","author":"Agra","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2019.11.016","article-title":"High Released Lactate by Epicardial Fat from Coronary Artery Disease Patients Is Reduced by Dapagliflozin Treatment","volume":"292","author":"Sierra","year":"2020","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3227","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.99.25.3227","article-title":"Cholesterol Reduction Rapidly Improves Endothelial Function After Acute Coronary Syndromes","volume":"99","author":"Dupuis","year":"1999","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.99.4.475","article-title":"Delayed Response of Myocardial Flow Reserve to Lipid-Lowering Therapy With Fluvastatin","volume":"99","author":"Guethlin","year":"1999","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.20140","article-title":"Effects of Atorvastatin on Coronary Flow Reserve in Patients with Slow Coronary Flow","volume":"30","author":"Caliskan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_128","first-page":"522","article-title":"Effect of Intensive Atorvastatin Therapy on Coronary Atherosclerosis Progression, Composition, Arterial Remodeling, and Microvascular Function","volume":"24","author":"Eshtehardi","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Invasive Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1177\/1741826711398430","article-title":"Effects of Statins on Coronary and Peripheral Endothelial Function in Humans: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials","volume":"18","author":"Reriani","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur. J. Cardiovasc. Prev. Rehabil."},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e008868","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.118.008868","article-title":"Ischemia and No Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease ( INOCA ): What Is the Risk?","volume":"7","author":"Herscovici","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Am. Heart Assoc."},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2021.03.011","article-title":"Rationale and Design of the Women\u2019s Ischemia Trial to Reduce Events in Nonobstructive CAD (WARRIOR) Trial","volume":"237","author":"Handberg","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am. Heart. J."},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2012.04258.x","article-title":"The Role of Statin Therapy in the Prevention of Atrial Fibrillation: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials","volume":"74","author":"Fang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2019.09.002","article-title":"Drugs That Ameliorate Epicardial Adipose Tissue Inflammation May Have Discordant Effects in Heart Failure With a Preserved Ejection Fraction as Compared With a Reduced Ejection Fraction","volume":"25","author":"Packer","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Card. Fail"},{"key":"ref_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2007.09.063","article-title":"Antiarrhythmic Effect of Statin Therapy and Atrial Fibrillation","volume":"51","author":"Fauchier","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2007.07.137","article-title":"Statin Use and Development of Atrial Fibrillation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials and Observational Studies","volume":"126","author":"Liu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2005.07.124","article-title":"Statins and Postoperative Risk of Atrial Fibrillation Following Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting","volume":"97","author":"Pascual","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3488","DOI":"10.4238\/2013.September.10.5","article-title":"Effect of Atorvastatin on Left Atrial Function of Patients with Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation","volume":"12","author":"Li","year":"2013","journal-title":"Genet. Mol. Res."},{"key":"ref_138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-18-0639","article-title":"Effect of Statins on Mortality in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction Without Coronary Artery Disease\u2015Report From the JASPER Study","volume":"83","author":"Marume","year":"2019","journal-title":"Circ. J."},{"key":"ref_139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2018.04.027","article-title":"Comparison of Effects of Statin Use on Mortality in Patients With Heart Failure and Preserved Versus Reduced Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction","volume":"122","author":"Lee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2011.02.044","article-title":"Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors Effect on Endothelial Dysfunction: A Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials","volume":"216","author":"Shahin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"ref_141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(02)02664-4","article-title":"Long-Term Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibition Reduces Plasma Asymmetric Dimethylarginine and Improves Endothelial Nitric Oxide Bioavailability and Coronary Microvascular Function in Patients with Syndrome X","volume":"90","author":"Chen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, S., Wu, Y., Yu, G., Xia, Q., and Xu, Y. (2014). Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers Improve Peripheral Endothelial Function: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. PLoS ONE, 9.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0090217"},{"key":"ref_143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2011.07.011","article-title":"In Women with Symptoms of Cardiac Ischemia, Nonobstructive Coronary Arteries, and Microvascular Dysfunction, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibition Is Associated with Improved Microvascular Function: A Double-Blind Randomized Study from the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute Women\u2019s Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation (WISE)","volume":"162","author":"Pauly","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. Heart. J."},{"key":"ref_144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"856","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvaa006","article-title":"Treatment of Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction","volume":"116","author":"Pepine","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"ref_145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1007\/s00059-013-4032-7","article-title":"From Changes in Local RAAS to Structural Remodeling of the Left Atrium","volume":"40","author":"Yongjun","year":"2015","journal-title":"Herz"},{"key":"ref_146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/eur002","article-title":"Upstream Therapies for Management of Atrial Fibrillation: Review of Clinical Evidence and Implications for European Society of Cardiology Guidelines. Part I: Primary Prevention","volume":"13","author":"Savelieva","year":"2011","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"ref_147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/eur023","article-title":"Upstream Therapies for Management of Atrial Fibrillation: Review of Clinical Evidence and Implications for European Society of Cardiology Guidelines. Part II: Secondary Prevention","volume":"13","author":"Savelieva","year":"2011","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"ref_148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1007\/s00395-005-0571-2","article-title":"ACE\u2013Inhibitor Treatment Attenuates Atrial Structural Remodeling in Patients with Lone Chronic Atrial Fibrillation","volume":"101","author":"Boldt","year":"2006","journal-title":"Basic Res. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.3109\/08037051.2010.481811","article-title":"In-Treatment Reduced Left Atrial Diameter during Antihypertensive Treatment Is Associated with Reduced New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation in Hypertensive Patients with Left Ventricular Hypertrophy: The LIFE Study","volume":"19","author":"Wachtell","year":"2010","journal-title":"Blood Press"},{"key":"ref_150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sarzani, R., Allevi, M., di Pentima, C., Schiavi, P., Spannella, F., and Giulietti, F. (2022). Role of Cardiac Natriuretic Peptides in Heart Structure and Function. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 23.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232214415"},{"key":"ref_151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.033383","article-title":"Endothelial C-Type Natriuretic Peptide Acts on Pericytes to Regulate Microcirculatory Flow and Blood Pressure","volume":"138","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.116.08219","article-title":"Endothelium-Derived C-Type Natriuretic Peptide Contributes to Blood Pressure Regulation by Maintaining Endothelial Integrity","volume":"69","author":"Nakao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"ref_153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1069828","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.1069828","article-title":"Short-Term Effect of Sacubitril\/Valsartan on Endothelial Dysfunction and Arterial Stiffness in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure","volume":"13","author":"Cassano","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.23378","article-title":"Are the Atrial Natriuretic Peptides a Missing Link Predicting Low-voltage Areas in Atrial Fibrillation? Introducing the Novel Biomarker-based Atrial Fibrillation Substrate Prediction (ANP) Score","volume":"43","author":"Zeynalova","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0706300","article-title":"Atrial Natriuretic Peptide Frameshift Mutation in Familial Atrial Fibrillation","volume":"359","author":"Karst","year":"2008","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2020.173120","article-title":"Sacubitril\/Valsartan Attenuates Atrial Electrical and Structural Remodelling in a Rabbit Model of Atrial Fibrillation","volume":"881","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1007\/s12265-021-10137-5","article-title":"Sacubitril\/Valsartan Decreases Atrial Fibrillation Susceptibility by Inhibiting Angiotensin II-Induced Atrial Fibrosis Through p-Smad2\/3, p-JNK, and p-P38 Signaling Pathways","volume":"15","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Cardiovasc. Transl. Res."},{"key":"ref_158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2428","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.13937","article-title":"Sacubitril\/Valsartan Attenuates Atrial Structural Remodelling in Atrial Fibrillation Patients","volume":"9","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"ESC Heart Fail"},{"key":"ref_159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, Q., Chen, Y., Qin, F., Du, H., Gan, C., Zhou, B., Wang, N., Xiao, M., Ou, Z., and Zhao, W. (2022). Effect of Sacubitril-Valsartan on Restoration and Maintenance of Sinus Rhythm in Patients With Persistent Atrial Fibrillation. Front. Cardiovasc. Med., 9.","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2022.870203"},{"key":"ref_160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, X., Liu, H., Wang, L., Zhang, L., and Xu, Q. (2022). Role of Sacubitril-Valsartan in the Prevention of Atrial Fibrillation Occurrence in Patients with Heart Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. PLoS ONE, 17.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0263131"},{"key":"ref_161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1333","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20200279","article-title":"Microvascular Disease in Chronic Kidney Disease: The Base of the Iceberg in Cardiovascular Comorbidity","volume":"134","author":"Querfeld","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. Sci."},{"key":"ref_162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.119.044183","article-title":"Effect of Dapagliflozin on Atrial Fibrillation in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus","volume":"141","author":"Zelniker","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"01575","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2018.01575","article-title":"Direct Cardiac Actions of Sodium Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors Target Pathogenic Mechanisms Underlying Heart Failure in Diabetic Patients","volume":"9","author":"Uthman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-017-0564-0","article-title":"Effectiveness of Dapagliflozin on Vascular Endothelial Function and Glycemic Control in Patients with Early-Stage Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: DEFENCE Study","volume":"16","author":"Shigiyama","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Diabetol."},{"key":"ref_165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-017-0621-8","article-title":"Dapagliflozin Acutely Improves Endothelial Dysfunction, Reduces Aortic Stiffness and Renal Resistive Index in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: A Pilot Study","volume":"16","author":"Solini","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Diabetol."},{"key":"ref_166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4253","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2019-00706","article-title":"The Effects of Dapagliflozin on Systemic and Renal Vascular Function Display an Epigenetic Signature","volume":"104","author":"Solini","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.13968","article-title":"Effects of Empagliflozin on Metabolic Parameters in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Study","volume":"90","author":"Javed","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvaa123","article-title":"Empagliflozin Improves Endothelial and Cardiomyocyte Function in Human Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction via Reduced Pro-Inflammatory-Oxidative Pathways and Protein Kinase G\u03b1 Oxidation","volume":"117","author":"Kolijn","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"ref_169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5034","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.75121","article-title":"SGLT2 Inhibitor Dapagliflozin Reduces Endothelial Dysfunction and Microvascular Damage during Cardiac Ischemia\/Reperfusion Injury through Normalizing the XO-SERCA2-CaMKII-Coffilin Pathways","volume":"12","author":"Ma","year":"2022","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"ref_170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-019-0820-6","article-title":"SGLT2 Inhibition with Empagliflozin Improves Coronary Microvascular Function and Cardiac Contractility in Prediabetic Ob\/Ob\u2212\/\u2212 Mice","volume":"18","author":"Adingupu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Diabetol."},{"key":"ref_171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-019-0964-4","article-title":"Empagliflozin, a Sodium Glucose Co-Transporter-2 Inhibitor, Alleviates Atrial Remodeling and Improves Mitochondrial Function in High-Fat Diet\/Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats","volume":"18","author":"Shao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Diabetol."},{"key":"ref_172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e017483","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.119.017483","article-title":"Canagliflozin Suppresses Atrial Remodeling in a Canine Atrial Fibrillation Model","volume":"10","author":"Nishinarita","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Am. Heart Assoc."},{"key":"ref_173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-022-01549-x","article-title":"The Risk of Incident Atrial Fibrillation in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Treated with Sodium Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors, Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists, and Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors: A Nationwide Cohort Study","volume":"21","author":"Chan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Diabetol."},{"key":"ref_174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2493","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgac402","article-title":"New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Treated With Novel Glucose-Lowering Therapies","volume":"107","author":"Hsiao","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1620","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd-22-550","article-title":"The Effectiveness of SGLT2 Inhibitor in the Incidence of Atrial Fibrillation\/Atrial Flutter in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus\/Heart Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"14","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Thorac. Dis."},{"key":"ref_176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.2381","article-title":"Dapagliflozin and Atrial Fibrillation in Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction: Insights from DAPA-HF","volume":"24","author":"Butt","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur. J. Heart Fail"},{"key":"ref_177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"836","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2020.6827","article-title":"Associations of Empagliflozin With Left Ventricular Volumes, Mass, and Function in Patients With Heart Failure and Reduced Ejection Fraction","volume":"6","author":"Omar","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1177\/1479164114547358","article-title":"The Effect of Liraglutide on Endothelial Function in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes","volume":"11","author":"Nandy","year":"2014","journal-title":"Diab. Vasc. Dis. Res."},{"key":"ref_179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2840-11-64","article-title":"Effects of Exenatide vs. Metformin on Endothelial Function in Obese Patients with Pre-Diabetes: A Randomized Trial","volume":"11","author":"Kelly","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Diabetol."},{"key":"ref_180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-017-0646-z","article-title":"Effects of 6-Month Treatment with the Glucagon like Peptide-1 Analogue Liraglutide on Arterial Stiffness, Left Ventricular Myocardial Deformation and Oxidative Stress in Subjects with Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes","volume":"17","author":"Lambadiari","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Diabetol."},{"key":"ref_181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e015716","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.119.015716","article-title":"Effects of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists, Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors, and Their Combination on Endothelial Glycocalyx, Arterial Function, and Myocardial Work Index in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus After 12-Month Treatment","volume":"9","author":"Ikonomidis","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Am. Heart Assoc."},{"key":"ref_182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.2337\/db08-1193","article-title":"GLP-1R Agonist Liraglutide Activates Cytoprotective Pathways and Improves Outcomes After Experimental Myocardial Infarction in Mice","volume":"58","author":"Momen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"ref_183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1491","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehr309","article-title":"Exenatide Reduces Reperfusion Injury in Patients with ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction","volume":"33","author":"Vejlstrup","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"ref_184","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1570","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2018-00004","article-title":"GLP-1 Receptor Expression Within the Human Heart","volume":"159","author":"Baggio","year":"2018","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"ref_185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-015-0206-3","article-title":"Effect of the Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Analogue Liraglutide on Coronary Microvascular Function in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes\u2014A Randomized, Single-Blinded, Cross-over Pilot Study","volume":"14","author":"Faber","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Diabetol."},{"key":"ref_186","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2018.12.005","article-title":"Effect of Liraglutide on Body Weight and Microvascular Function in Non-Diabetic Overweight Women with Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction","volume":"283","author":"Suhrs","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_187","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"790405","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.790405","article-title":"Effect of 26 Weeks of Liraglutide Treatment on Coronary Artery Inflammation in Type 2 Diabetes Quantified by [64Cu]Cu-DOTATATE PET\/CT: Results from the LIRAFLAME Trial","volume":"12","author":"Jensen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_188","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1389","DOI":"10.1007\/s00380-018-01327-4","article-title":"Liraglutide Suppresses Atrial Electrophysiological Changes","volume":"34","author":"Nakamura","year":"2019","journal-title":"Heart Vessels"},{"key":"ref_189","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1507\/endocrj.EJ21-0129","article-title":"Comprehensive Analysis of the Safety of Semaglutide in Type 2 Diabetes: A Meta-Analysis of the SUSTAIN and PIONEER Trials","volume":"68","author":"Yin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Endocr. J."},{"key":"ref_190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2020.03.013","article-title":"Major Cardiovascular Events, Heart Failure, and Atrial Fibrillation in Patients Treated with Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists: An Updated Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials","volume":"30","author":"Nreu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutr. Metab. Cardiovasc. Dis."}],"container-title":["Life"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-1729\/13\/2\/443\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T18:24:18Z","timestamp":1760120658000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-1729\/13\/2\/443"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,4]]},"references-count":190,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]}},"alternative-id":["life13020443"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/life13020443","relation":{},"ISSN":["2075-1729"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2075-1729"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,4]]}}}