{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T03:19:25Z","timestamp":1774408765092,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,6]],"date-time":"2023-03-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678060800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Russian Science Foundation","award":["#19-75-10096"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#19-75-10096"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Life"],"abstract":"<jats:p>(1) Introduction. The problem that limits the intraoperative use of OCTA for the intestinal circulation diagnostics is the low informative value of OCTA images containing too many motion artifacts. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficiency and safety of the developed unit for the prevention of the appearance of motion artifacts in the OCTA images of the intestine in both open and laparoscopic surgery in the experiment; (2) Methods. A high-speed spectral-domain multimodal optical coherence tomograph (IAP RAS, Russia) operating at a wavelength of 1310 nm with a spectral width of 100 \u03bcm and a power of 2 mW was used. The developed unit was tested in two groups of experimental animals\u2014on minipigs (group I, n = 10, open abdomen) and on rabbits (group II, n = 10, laparoscopy). Acute mesenteric ischemia was modeled and then 1 h later the small intestine underwent OCTA evaluation. A total of 400 OCTA images of the intact and ischemic small intestine were obtained and analyzed. The quality of the obtained OCTA images was evaluated based on the score proposed in 2020 by the group of Magnin M. (3) Results. Without stabilization, OCTA images of the intestine tissues were informative only in 32\u201344% of cases in open surgery and in 14\u201322% of cases in laparoscopic surgery. A vacuum bowel stabilizer with a pressure deficit of 22\u201325 mm Hg significantly reduced the number of motion artifacts. As a result, the proportion of informative OCTA images in open surgery increased up to 86.5% (\u03a72 = 200.2, p = 0.001), and in laparoscopy up to 60% (\u03a72 = 148.3, p = 0.001). (4) Conclusions. The used vacuum tissue stabilizer enabled a significant increase in the proportion of informative OCTA images by significantly reducing the motion artifacts.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life13030705","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,6]],"date-time":"2023-03-06T05:18:43Z","timestamp":1678079923000},"page":"705","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography of the Intestine: How to Prevent Motion Artifacts in Open and Laparoscopic Surgery?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9555-190X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maksim","family":"Ryabkov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University Clinic, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 18\/1 Verkhnevolzhskaya Naberezhnaja, 603155 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mikhail","family":"Sizov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"City Clinical Hospital No.30, 85A Berezovskaya St., 605157 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Evgeniya","family":"Bederina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Clinic, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 18\/1 Verkhnevolzhskaya Naberezhnaja, 603155 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Polina","family":"Zarubenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General, Operative Surgery and Topographic Anatomy Named after A.I. Kozhevnikov, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 190 Rodionova St., 603093 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0707-892X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Peretyagin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Research Laboratory, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 70 Gagarin Ave., 603081 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Moiseev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Applied Physics of the RAS, 46 Ulyanova St., 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aleksander","family":"Vorobiev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"City Clinical Hospital No.30, 85A Berezovskaya St., 605157 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Natalia","family":"Gladkova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10\/1 Minin and Pozharsky Sq., 603005 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2122-2943","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vladimir","family":"Zaitsev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Applied Physics of the RAS, 46 Ulyanova St., 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4769-417X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena","family":"Kiseleva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10\/1 Minin and Pozharsky Sq., 603005 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7794","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-022-09282-y","article-title":"Video: Clinical evaluation of a laparoscopic hyperspectral imaging system","volume":"36","author":"Pfahl","year":"2022","journal-title":"Surg. Endosc."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1007\/s11307-022-01710-8","article-title":"Fully Integrated Ultra-thin Intraoperative Micro-imager for Cancer Detection Using Upconverting Nanoparticles","volume":"25","author":"Najafiaghdam","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol. Imaging Biol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"036006","DOI":"10.1117\/1.JBO.23.3.036006","article-title":"Correcting for motion artifact in handheld laser speckle images","volume":"23","author":"Lertsakdadet","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. BioMed Opt."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1007\/s10151-018-1872-4","article-title":"Can sidestream dark field (SDF) imaging identify subtle microvascular changes of the bowel during colorectal surgery?","volume":"22","author":"Tavy","year":"2018","journal-title":"Tech. Coloproctol."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1159\/000505325","article-title":"Intestinal Mucosal and Serosal Microcirculation at the Planned Anastomosis during Abdominal Surgery","volume":"60","author":"Tavy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. Surg. Res."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Balestra, G.M., Bezemer, R., Boerma, E.C., Yong, Z.-Y., Sjauw, K.D., E Engstrom, A., Koopmans, M., and Ince, C. (2010). Improvement of sidestream dark field imaging with an image acquisition stabilizer. BMC Med. Imaging, 10.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2342-10-15"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1186\/s13017-017-0150-5","article-title":"Acute mesenteric ischemia: Guidelines of the World Society of Emergency Surgery","volume":"12","author":"Bala","year":"2017","journal-title":"World J. Emerg. Surg."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kiseleva, E., Ryabkov, M., Baleev, M., Bederina, E., Shilyagin, P., Moiseev, A., Beschastnov, V., Romanov, I., Gelikonov, G., and Gladkova, N. (2021). Prospects of Intraoperative Multimodal OCT Application in Patients with Acute Mesenteric Ischemia. Diagnostics, 11.","DOI":"10.20944\/preprints202102.0384.v1"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1997","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v25.i16.1997","article-title":"Assessment of chronic radiation proctopathy and radiofrequency ablation treatment follow-up with optical coherence tomography angiography: A pilot study","volume":"25","author":"Ahsen","year":"2019","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2017.01.034","article-title":"Endoscopic optical coherence tomography angiography microvascular features associated with dysplasia in Barrett\u2019s esophagus (with video)","volume":"86","author":"Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gastrointest. Endosc."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26001","DOI":"10.1117\/1.JBO.22.2.026001","article-title":"Automated three-dimensional registration and volume rebuilding for wide-field angiographic and structural optical coherence tomography","volume":"22","author":"Zang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. BioMed Opt."},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"46","article-title":"Intestinal optical coherence tomography (angiography) imaging: A comparison between animal models and humans","volume":"11949","author":"Kiseleva","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. BioMed Clin. Diagn. Surg. Guid. Syst."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ryabkov, M., Sizov, M., Shilyagin, P., Peretyagin, P., Bederina, E., Moiseev, A., Gelikonov, G., Gladkova, N., and Kiseleva, E. (2022, January 20\u201324). Local atraumatic fixation of the intestinal wall in the real-time artefact-free structural and angiographic transserous OCT imaging. Proceedings of the 2022 International Conference Laser Optics (ICLO), Saint Petersburg, Russia.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICLO54117.2022.9839718"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35854","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.465255","article-title":"Development of a novel, multi-scene universal multiple wavelet-FFT algorithm (MW-FFTA) for denoising motion artifacts in oct-angiography in vivo imaging","volume":"30","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1865","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000002866","article-title":"Swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography image compensation of the choriocapillaris induces artifacts","volume":"40","author":"Spaide","year":"2020","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jansen, S.M., Almasian, M., Wilk, L.S., De Bruin, D.M., Henegouwen, M.I.V.B., Strackee, S.D., Bloemen, P.R., Meijer, S.L., Gisbertz, S.S., and Van Leeuwen, T.G. (2018). Feasibility of Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) for Intra-Operative Detection of Blood Flow during Gastric Tube Reconstruction. Sensors, 18.","DOI":"10.3390\/s18051331"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.17-22617","article-title":"A Deep Learning Approach to Digitally Stain Optical Coherence Tomography Images of the Optic Nerve Head","volume":"59","author":"Devalla","year":"2018","journal-title":"Investig. Opthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108304","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compeleceng.2022.108304","article-title":"RestainNet: A Self-Supervised Digital Re-Stainer for Stain Normalization","volume":"103","author":"Zhao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Comput. Electr. Eng."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e201700072","DOI":"10.1002\/jbio.201700072","article-title":"Pixel Classification Method in Optical Coherence Tomography for Tumor Segmentation and Its Complementary Usage With Oct Microangiography","volume":"11","author":"Moiseev","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Biophotonics"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3021","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.423026","article-title":"Differentiation of Breast Tissue Types for Surgical Margin Assessment Using Machine Learning and Polarization-Sensitive Optical Coherence Tomography","volume":"12","author":"Zhu","year":"2021","journal-title":"BioMed Opt. Express"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3585","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.394301","article-title":"Reconstruction of high-resolution 6\u00d76-mm OCT Angiograms Using Deep Learning","volume":"11","author":"Gao","year":"2020","journal-title":"BioMed Opt. Express"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1167\/tvst.10.13.13","article-title":"An Open-Source Deep Learning Network for Reconstruction of High-Resolution OCT Angiograms of Retinal Intermediate and Deep Capillary Plexuses","volume":"10","author":"Gao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transl. Vis. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-80058-x","article-title":"Foveal Avascular Zone Segmentation in Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Images Using A Deep Learning Approach","volume":"11","author":"Mirshahi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2170","DOI":"10.1177\/15353702211026581","article-title":"Machine Learning in Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography","volume":"246","author":"Le","year":"2021","journal-title":"Exp. Biol. Med."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"928","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2020.3042802","article-title":"ROSE: A Retinal OCT-Angiography Vessel Segmentation Dataset and New Model","volume":"40","author":"Ma","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3686","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2022.3193029","article-title":"Disentangled Representation Learning for OCTA Vessel Segmentation With Limited Training Data. IEEE Trans","volume":"41","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Med. Imaging"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang, D., Ran, A.R., Nguyen, T.X., Lin, T.P.H., Chen, H., Lai, T.Y.Y., Tham, C.C., and Cheung, C.Y. (2023). Deep Learning in Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography: Current Progress, Challenges, and Future Directions. Diagnostics, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics13020326"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1641","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-019-04338-7","article-title":"Automated OCT Angiography Image Quality Assessment Using A Deep Learning Algorithm","volume":"257","author":"Lauermann","year":"2019","journal-title":"Graefe\u2019s Arch. Clin. Exp. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3575","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2022.3191535","article-title":"DLTTA: Dynamic Learning Rate for Test-Time Adaptation on Cross-Domain Medical Images","volume":"41","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13775","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-17709-8","article-title":"Deep Learning For Quality Assessment of Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Images","volume":"12","author":"Dhodapkar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_31","first-page":"086004","article-title":"Laparoscopic system for simultaneous high-resolution video and rapid hyperspectral imaging in the visible and near-infrared spectral range","volume":"25","author":"Kulcke","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. BioMed Opt."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5962","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.9.005962","article-title":"Dual-display laparoscopic laser speckle contrast imaging for real-time surgical assistance","volume":"9","author":"Zheng","year":"2018","journal-title":"BioMed Opt. Express"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1159\/000448735","article-title":"Use of an Image Acquisition Stabilizer Improves Sidestream Dark Field Imaging of the Serosa during Open Gastrointestinal Surgery","volume":"53","author":"Tavy","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Vasc. Res."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1007\/s11141-018-9856-9","article-title":"Cross-polarization optical coherence tomography with active maintenance of the circular polarization of a sounding wave in a common path system","volume":"60","author":"Gelikonov","year":"2018","journal-title":"Radiophys. Quant. El."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1002\/jbio.201700292","article-title":"Real time OCT-based angiography device with hand-held probe for everyday clinical use","volume":"11","author":"Moiseev","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Biophotonics"},{"key":"ref_36","unstructured":"Ross, M.H., and Pawlina, W. (2016). Histology: A Text and Atlas: With Correlated Cell and Molecular Biology, Wolters Kluwer Health. [7th ed.]."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104025","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2020.104025","article-title":"Evaluation of microcirculation by Sidestream Dark Field imaging: Impact of hemodynamic status on the occurrence of pressure artifacts\u2014A pilot study","volume":"131","author":"Magnin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Microvasc. Res."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1115","DOI":"10.1055\/a-0838-5880","article-title":"Vergleich der Bildqualit\u00e4t zweier unterschiedlicher OCT-Angiografie-Systeme mit Fokus auf Bewegungsartefakten bei gesunden Probanden. Expression of Motion Artifacts in OCT-Angiography Imaging in Healthy Subjects Using Two Different Devices","volume":"236","author":"Mihailovic","year":"2019","journal-title":"Klin. Monbl. Augenheilkd"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1426","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2021.03.036","article-title":"OCT Angiography Artifacts in Glaucoma","volume":"128","author":"Kamalipour","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1007\/s10877-016-9924-7","article-title":"Impact of microcirculatory video quality on the evaluation of sublingual microcirculation in critically ill patients","volume":"31","author":"Damiani","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Clin. Monit. Comput."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2019.12.007","article-title":"Segmentation errors and motion artifacts in OCT-A associated with epiretinal membranes","volume":"55","author":"Bontzos","year":"2020","journal-title":"Can. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eabj2908","DOI":"10.1126\/scirobotics.abj2908","article-title":"Autonomous robotic laparoscopic surgery for intestinal anastomosis","volume":"7","author":"Saeidi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Robot."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Matveev, L., Kiseleva, E., Baleev, M., Moiseev, A., Ryabkov, M., Potapov, A., Bederina, E., Sirotkina, M., Shalin, V., and Smirnov, I. (2022). Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography and Attenuation Imaging for Label-Free Observation of Functional Changes in the Intestine after Sympathectomy: A Pilot Study. Photonics, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/photonics9050304"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e202000257","DOI":"10.1002\/jbio.202000257","article-title":"Strain and Elasticity Imaging in Compression Optical Coherence Elastography: The Two-Decade Perspective and Recent Advances","volume":"14","author":"Zaitsev","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Biophotonics"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1429","DOI":"10.21037\/qims.2019.06.03","article-title":"Assessing colitis ex vivo using optical coherence elastography in a murine model","volume":"9","author":"Nair","year":"2019","journal-title":"Quant. Imaging Med. Surg."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kam, M., Saeidi, H., Wei, S., Opfermann, J.D., Leonard, S., Hsieh, M.H., Kang, J.U., and Krieger, A. (2019, January 13\u201317). Semi-autonomous Robotic Anastomoses of Vaginal Cuffs Using Marker Enhanced 3D Imaging and Path Planning. Proceedings of the Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention\u2013MICCAI 2019: 22nd International Conference, Shenzhen, China.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-32254-0_8"},{"key":"ref_47","first-page":"148","article-title":"Autonomous robotic laparoscopic gastrointestinal surgery","volume":"19","author":"Ray","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1097\/APO.0000000000000405","article-title":"Deep learning-based optical coherence tomography and optical coherence tomography angiography image analysis: An updated summary","volume":"10","author":"Ran","year":"2021","journal-title":"Asia-Pac. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1580","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.387807","article-title":"Comparative study of deep learning models for optical coherence tomography angiography","volume":"11","author":"Jiang","year":"2020","journal-title":"BioMed Opt. Express"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e201900008","DOI":"10.1002\/jbio.201900008","article-title":"A deep learning based pipeline for optical coherence tomography angiography","volume":"12","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Biophotonics"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-05281-0","article-title":"Integrated deep learning framework for accelerated optical coherence tomography angiography","volume":"12","author":"Kim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_52","first-page":"454","article-title":"Oct retinal angiography using neural networks","volume":"57","author":"Szkulmowski","year":"2016","journal-title":"Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."}],"container-title":["Life"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-1729\/13\/3\/705\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T18:48:42Z","timestamp":1760122122000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-1729\/13\/3\/705"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,6]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]}},"alternative-id":["life13030705"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/life13030705","relation":{},"ISSN":["2075-1729"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2075-1729","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,6]]}}}