{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T19:41:53Z","timestamp":1785354113949,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,11]],"date-time":"2023-04-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1681171200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Life"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The widespread diffusion of the wild boar on the Italian territory and its consistent use for hunting have created the possibility to conduct multiple studies on the pathologies afflicting this ungulate. Nevertheless, in the last two decades, only some pathologies such as classical and African Swine Fever, Tuberculosis, Brucellosis from Brucella suis have benefited from substantial public funding and the consequent great interest from the scientific world, while less attention was addressed to parasitic diseases including sarcoptic mange. Therefore, to fill this gap, the purpose of this study was to contribute to the knowledge of sarcoptic mange in the wild boar population in Aosta Valley in the Northwest of Italy, including sympatric species as foxes. Due to past field surveys, it has been possible to find a possible role of snow metrics in the spread of this pathogen. Even if there are only empirical evidence and the mechanism remain unknown remote sensing analysis considering snow metrics were performed to provide to veterinarians, foresters, biologists, and ecologists new tools to better understand wield board dynamics and join to ordinary tool an instrument to enhance management and planning strategies. The snow metrics (SM) were derived from USGS NASA Landsat 8 L2A retrieved from Theia CNES platform and processed in Orfeo Toolbox LIS extension package. The relationship between SM and the disease spread was tested per each Aosta Valley municipality obtaining LISA maps for each hunting season. The results have showed that this parasite is present in an endemic form even if with rather low prevalence values, equal to 1.2% in the season hunting season 2013\/2014, and equal to 7.5% in the hunting season 2014\/2015. Moreover, within simultaneous given values of SM, sarcoptic mange seem to find good conditions for spreading.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life13040987","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,12]],"date-time":"2023-04-12T03:49:17Z","timestamp":1681271357000},"page":"987","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Snow Metrics as Proxy to Assess Sarcoptic Mange in Wild Boar: Preliminary Results in Aosta Valley (Italy)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1441-7678","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Annalisa","family":"Viani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Piedmont, Liguria, Aosta Valley (IZS PLV) S.C Valle d\u2019Aosta\u2014CeRMAS (National Reference Center for Wildlife Diseases), Localit\u00e0 Amerique 7\/G, 11020 Quart, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6750-0438","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tommaso","family":"Orusa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GEO4Agri DISAFA Laboratory, Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4570-8013","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Enrico","family":"Borgogno-Mondino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GEO4Agri DISAFA Laboratory, Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9027-1642","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Riccardo","family":"Orusa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Piedmont, Liguria, Aosta Valley (IZS PLV) S.C Valle d\u2019Aosta\u2014CeRMAS (National Reference Center for Wildlife Diseases), Localit\u00e0 Amerique 7\/G, 11020 Quart, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Guberti, V., Khomenko, S., Masiulis, M., and Kerba, S. (2022). African Swine Fever in Wild Boar: Ecology and Biosecurity, Food & Agriculture Organization of The United Nations."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Straw, B.E., Zimmerman, J.J., D\u2019Allaire, S., and Taylor, D.J. (2013). Diseases of Swine, John Wiley & Sons."},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"1","article-title":"Swine Brucellosis: Current Perspectives","volume":"8","author":"Olsen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Vet. Med. Res. Rep."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.35.1.295-297.1997","article-title":"Serological and Bacteriological Study of Swine Brucellosis","volume":"35","author":"Lord","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"115","article-title":"Epidemiological Investigation of Swine Tuberculosis in Arizona","volume":"44","author":"Songer","year":"1980","journal-title":"Can. J. Comp. Med."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1559","DOI":"10.1086\/514155","article-title":"Infection of Swine with Mycobacterium Bovis as a Model of Human Tuberculosis","volume":"176","author":"Bolin","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1210","DOI":"10.1002\/jwmg.21480","article-title":"Contact Rates in Wild Boar Populations: Implications for Disease Transmission","volume":"82","author":"Apollonio","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Wildl. Manag."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2007.02.017","article-title":"A Review of Viral Diseases of the European Wild Boar: Effects of Population Dynamics and Reservoir Role","volume":"176","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vet. J."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.06.001","article-title":"Effects of Culling Eurasian Wild Boar on the Prevalence of Mycobacterium Bovis and Aujeszky\u2019s Disease Virus","volume":"107","author":"Boadella","year":"2012","journal-title":"Prev. Vet. Med."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2697","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2009.0086","article-title":"Wild Boars as Sources for Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Humans","volume":"364","author":"Meng","year":"2009","journal-title":"Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B Biol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1186\/s13567-014-0122-7","article-title":"Spatiotemporal Interactions between Wild Boar and Cattle: Implications for Cross-Species Disease Transmission","volume":"45","author":"Barasona","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vet. Res."},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"160","article-title":"Variation in the Chaetotaxy and Denticulation of Sarcoptes Scabiei (Acarina: Sarcoptidae) from Wild Canids","volume":"17","author":"Pence","year":"1975","journal-title":"Acarologia"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.2307\/3809675","article-title":"Impact of a Sarcoptic Mange Epizootic on a Coyote Population","volume":"58","author":"Pence","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Wildl. Manag."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-17.3.343","article-title":"Attempted Experimental Transfer of Sarcoptic Mange (Sarcoptes Scabiei, Acarina: Sarcoptidae) among Red Fox, Coyote, Wolf and Dog","volume":"17","author":"Samuel","year":"1981","journal-title":"J. Wildl. Dis."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-5.4.387","article-title":"Sarcoptic Mange in Red Foxes and Coyotes of Wisconsin","volume":"5","author":"Trainer","year":"1969","journal-title":"Bull. Wildl. Dis. Assoc."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470377000.ch5","article-title":"Sarcoptes Scabiei and Sarcoptic Mange","volume":"2","author":"Bornstein","year":"2001","journal-title":"Parasit. Dis. Wild Mamm."},{"key":"ref_17","first-page":"251","article-title":"Enzootic Sarcoptic Mange in Red Foxes in Spain","volume":"44","author":"Villafuerte","year":"1998","journal-title":"Z. F\u00fcr Jagdwiss."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1115","DOI":"10.20506\/rst.11.4.658","article-title":"Sarcoptic Mange in Swedish Wildlife","volume":"11","year":"1992","journal-title":"Rev. Sci. Tech. Int. Off. Epizoot."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.1937.tb04110.x","article-title":"Sarcoptic Mange Affecting Wild Fauna in New South Wales","volume":"13","author":"Gray","year":"1937","journal-title":"Aust. Vet. J."},{"key":"ref_20","first-page":"427","article-title":"Sarcoptic Mange in Red Foxes and Other Wild Carnivores in Norway","volume":"102","author":"Holt","year":"1990","journal-title":"Nor. Veterinaertidsskrift"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-38.1.228","article-title":"Notoedric and Sarcoptic Mange in Free-Ranging Lynx from Switzerland","volume":"38","author":"Ryser","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Wildl. Dis."},{"key":"ref_22","first-page":"181","article-title":"Some Important Parasitic and Other Diseases of Lion, Panthera Leo. in the Kruger National Park","volume":"46","author":"Young","year":"1975","journal-title":"J. S. Afr. Vet. Assoc."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(97)00061-7","article-title":"Epizootiology of Sarcoptic Mange in a Population of Cantabrian Chamois (Rupicapra Pyrenaica Parava) in Northwestern Spain","volume":"73","author":"Ballesteros","year":"1997","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"ref_24","first-page":"233","article-title":"The Epizootiology of Sarcoptic Mange in Chamois, Rupicapra Rupicapra, from the Italian Eastern Alps","volume":"37","author":"Rossi","year":"1995","journal-title":"Parassitologia"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Arundel, J., Barker, I., and Beveridge, I. (1977). Diseases of Marsupials, University Park Press.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-349-02721-7_8"},{"key":"ref_26","unstructured":"Kalema, G., Kock, R., and Macfie, E. (1998, January 17\u201322). An Outbreak of Sarcoptic Mange in Free-Ranging Mountain Gorillas (Gorilla Gorilla Berengei) in Bwindi Impenetrable National Park, South Western Uganda. Proceedings of the Annual Conference-American Association of Zoo Veterinarians, Omaha, NE, USA."},{"key":"ref_27","unstructured":"Boomker, J.D.F. (2009). Parasites of Some Free-Living Wild Animals and Freshwater Fish Species in South Africa. [Ph.D. Thesis, University of Pretoria]."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2011.04.036","article-title":"New Techniques for an Old Disease: Sarcoptic Mange in the Iberian Wolf","volume":"181","author":"Oleaga","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"ref_29","first-page":"214","article-title":"Diseases of Game Animals","volume":"1","author":"Boch","year":"1988","journal-title":"Dis. Game Anim."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocon.2010.03.001","article-title":"Host Taxon-Derived Sarcoptes Mite in European Wild Animals Revealed by Microsatellite Markers","volume":"143","author":"Rasero","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biol. Conserv."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Haas, C., Origgi, F.C., Rossi, S., L\u00f3pez-Olvera, J.R., Rossi, L., Castillo-Contreras, R., Malmsten, A., Dalin, A.-M., Orusa, R., and Robetto, S. (2018). Serological Survey in Wild Boar (Sus Scrofa) in Switzerland and Other European Countries: Sarcoptes Scabiei May Be More Widely Distributed than Previously Thought. BMC Vet. Res., 14.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-018-1430-3"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.17236\/sat00020","article-title":"First Detection of Sarcoptic Mange in Free-Ranging Wild Boar (Sus Scrofa) in Switzerland","volume":"157","author":"Haas","year":"2015","journal-title":"Schweiz. Arch. Tierheilkd."},{"key":"ref_33","unstructured":"Wetzel, R., and Rieck, W. (1972). Krankheiten des Wilde, CABI."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00042-06","article-title":"Problems in Diagnosing Scabies, a Global Disease in Human and Animal Populations","volume":"20","author":"Walton","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1006\/expr.1994.1004","article-title":"Sarcoptes Scabiei: The Circulating Antibody Response and Induced Immunity to Scabies","volume":"78","author":"Arlian","year":"1994","journal-title":"Exp. Parasitol."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-35.4.647","article-title":"Sarcoptic Mange in Spanish Ibex from Spain","volume":"35","author":"Cubero","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Wildl. Dis."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smallrumres.2006.02.010","article-title":"A Severe Episode of Wildlife-Derived Scabies in Domestic Goats in Italy","volume":"70","author":"Menzano","year":"2007","journal-title":"Small Rumin. Res."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-008-1165-3","article-title":"Skin-Scale Genetic Structure of Sarcoptes Scabiei Populations from Individual Hosts: Empirical Evidence from Iberian Ibex-Derived Mites","volume":"104","author":"Alasaad","year":"2008","journal-title":"Parasitol. Res."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wall, R., and Shearer, D. (2001). Veterinary Ectoparasites: Biology, Pathology and Control, Blackwell Science. [2nd ed.].","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470690505"},{"key":"ref_40","unstructured":"Lederberg, J., and Davis, J.R. (2001). ; Emerging Infectious Diseases from the Global to the Local Perspective: A Summary of a Workshop of the Forum on Emerging Infections, National Academies Press."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2013.04.018","article-title":"The Neglected Navigating Web of the Incomprehensibly Emerging and Re-Emerging Sarcoptes Mite","volume":"17","author":"Alasaad","year":"2013","journal-title":"Infect. Genet. Evol."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2008.03.002","article-title":"Sarcoptic Mange in Red Deer from Spain: Improved Surveillance or Disease Emergence?","volume":"154","author":"Oleaga","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3800(03)00117-0","article-title":"A Spatial Stochastic Model Simulating a Scabies Epidemic and Coyote Population Dynamics","volume":"166","author":"Leung","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ecol. Model."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Orusa, T., and Borgogno Mondino, E. (2021). Exploring Short-Term Climate Change Effects on Rangelands and Broad-Leaved Forests by Free Satellite Data in Aosta Valley (Northwest Italy). Climate, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/cli9030047"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Orusa, T., and Mondino, E.B. (2019, January 9\u201312). Landsat 8 Thermal Data to Support Urban Management and Planning in the Climate Change Era: A Case Study in Torino Area, NW Italy. Proceedings of the Remote Sensing Technologies and Applications in Urban Environments IV, SPIE, Strasbourg, France.","DOI":"10.1117\/12.2533110"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Orusa, T., Orusa, R., Viani, A., Carella, E., and Borgogno Mondino, E. (2020). Geomatics and EO Data to Support Wildlife Diseases Assessment at Landscape Level: A Pilot Experience to Map Infectious Keratoconjunctivitis in Chamois and Phenological Trends in Aosta Valley (NW Italy). Remote Sens., 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/rs12213542"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Orusa, T., Cammareri, D., and Borgogno Mondino, E. (2022). A Scalable Earth Observation Service to Map Land Cover in Geomorphological Complex Areas beyond the Dynamic World: An Application in Aosta Valley (NW Italy). Appl. Sci., 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/app13010390"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2337","DOI":"10.5194\/hess-19-2337-2015","article-title":"A Snow Cover Climatology for the Pyrenees From MODIS Snow Products","volume":"19","author":"Gascoin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1111\/mam.12028","article-title":"Towards Understanding Wild Boar S Us Scrofa Movement: A Synthetic Movement Ecology Approach","volume":"45","author":"Morelle","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mammal Rev."},{"key":"ref_50","first-page":"83","article-title":"QGIS Geographic Information System","volume":"8","author":"Team","year":"2016","journal-title":"Open Source Geospat. Found. Proj."},{"key":"ref_51","first-page":"797","article-title":"Demodex Phylloides [Acari, Demodecidae] as a Specific Parasite of Sus Scrofa [Mammalia, Artiodactyla]","volume":"47","author":"Fryderyk","year":"2001","journal-title":"Wiad. Parazytol."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2015","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1074196","article-title":"Parasites as a Viability Cost of Sexual Selection in Natural Populations of Mammals","volume":"297","author":"Moore","year":"2002","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0141-9838.2004.00710.x","article-title":"Hormonal and Immunological Mechanisms Mediating Sex Differences in Parasite Infection","volume":"26","author":"Klein","year":"2004","journal-title":"Parasite Immunol."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1038\/289487a0","article-title":"Parental Investment in Male and Female Offspring in Polygynous Mammals","volume":"289","author":"Albon","year":"1981","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1007\/s10344-006-0036-4","article-title":"Sarcoptic Mange in Wild Carnivores and Its Co-Occurrence with Parasitic Helminths in the Western Italian Alps","volume":"52","author":"Balestrieri","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur. J. Wildl. Res."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2013.04.016","article-title":"Genetic Epidemiology of Sarcoptes Scabiei in the Iberian Wolf in Asturias, Spain","volume":"196","author":"Oleaga","year":"2013","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-4-193","article-title":"The Curse of the Prey: Sarcoptes Mite Molecular Analysis Reveals Potential Prey-to-Predator Parasitic Infestation in Wild Animals from Masai Mara, Kenya","volume":"4","author":"Gakuya","year":"2011","journal-title":"Parasit. Vectors"},{"key":"ref_58","first-page":"85","article-title":"Pathology of Wild Boar (Sus Scrofa) in Liguria, Italy, between 1989 and 1992","volume":"3","author":"Mignone","year":"1995","journal-title":"IBEX J Mt Ecol"},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Orusa, T., Cammareri, D., and Borgogno Mondino, E. (2022). A Possible Land Cover EAGLE Approach to Overcome Remote Sensing Limitations in the Alps Based on Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2: The Case of Aosta Valley (NW Italy). Remote Sens., 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/rs15010178"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Carella, E., Orusa, T., Viani, A., Meloni, D., Borgogno-Mondino, E., and Orusa, R. (2022). An Integrated, Tentative Remote-Sensing Approach Based on NDVI Entropy to Model Canine Distemper Virus in Wildlife and to Prompt Science-Based Management Policies. Animals, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/ani12081049"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"De Marinis, P., De Petris, S., Sarvia, F., Manfron, G., Momo, E.J., Orusa, T., Corvino, G., Sali, G., and Borgogno, E.M. (2021). Supporting Pro-Poor Reforms of Agricultural Systems in Eastern DRC (Africa) with Remotely Sensed Data: A Possible Contribution of Spatial Entropy to Interpret Land Management Practices. Land, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/land10121368"},{"key":"ref_62","unstructured":"Latini, G., Bagliani, M., and Orusa, T. (2020). Lessico e Nuvole: Le Parole Del Cambiamento Climatico, Youcanprint."},{"key":"ref_63","unstructured":"Latini, G., Bagliani, M., and Orusa, T. (2021). Lessico e Nuvole: Le Parole Del Cambiamento Climatico, Youcanprint. [II ed.]."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9135","DOI":"10.1080\/01431161.2021.1992035","article-title":"Mapping SAR Geometric Distortions and Their Stability along Time: A New Tool in Google Earth Engine Based on Sentinel-1 Image Time Series","volume":"42","author":"Samuele","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sarvia, F., De Petris, S., Orusa, T., and Borgogno-Mondino, E. (2021, January 13\u201316). MAIA S2 versus Sentinel 2: Spectral Issues and Their Effects in the Precision Farming Context. Proceedings of the Computational Science and Its Applications\u2013ICCSA 2021: 21st International Conference, Cagliari, Italy. Part VII 21.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-87007-2_5"},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.3390\/geomatics3010012","article-title":"A Google Earth Engine Algorithm to Map Phenological Metrics in Mountain Areas Worldwide with Landsat Collection and Sentinel-2","volume":"3","author":"Orusa","year":"2023","journal-title":"Geomatics"}],"container-title":["Life"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-1729\/13\/4\/987\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T19:13:51Z","timestamp":1760123631000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-1729\/13\/4\/987"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,11]]},"references-count":66,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]}},"alternative-id":["life13040987"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/life13040987","relation":{},"ISSN":["2075-1729"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2075-1729","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,11]]}}}