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This comprehensive review aims to present a detailed understanding of these conditions, their diagnosis, and various treatment strategies. Through an extensive exploration of current literature, the review discusses the etiology of these spinal deformities and the use of diagnostic tools such as X-rays and MRI. It further delves into the range of treatment options available, from conservative approaches such as physiotherapy and bracing to more invasive surgical interventions. The review underscores the necessity of an individualized treatment approach, taking into account factors such as the patient\u2019s age, the severity of the curvature, and overall health. This all-encompassing perspective on scoliosis and Scheuermann\u2019s disease will aid in evidence-based decision making in their management with the goal of improving patient outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life13061341","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,8]],"date-time":"2023-06-08T01:34:32Z","timestamp":1686188072000},"page":"1341","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Surgical Treatment of Spinal Deformities in Pediatric Orthopedic Patients"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4175-8718","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sebastian","family":"Braun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics (Friedrichsheim), University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany"},{"name":"Stavros Niarchos Complex Joint Reconstruction Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7811-7493","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Brenneis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics (Friedrichsheim), University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany"},{"name":"Stavros Niarchos Complex Joint Reconstruction Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0743-8860","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lukas","family":"Sch\u00f6nnagel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Charit\u00e9\u2014Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin and Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin, Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, 10117 Berlin, Germany"},{"name":"Spine Care Institute, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9468-2089","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Caffard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Spine Care Institute, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA"},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1569-8328","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Panagiotis","family":"Diaremes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics (Friedrichsheim), University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.3109\/17453678208992208","article-title":"A prospective prevalence study of scoliosis in Southern Sweden","volume":"53","author":"Willner","year":"1982","journal-title":"Acta Orthop. 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