{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:14:51Z","timestamp":1760148891187,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,17]],"date-time":"2023-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1686960000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Life"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The aim of our study was to investigate the clinical features of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) with autofluorescence (AF), retromode (RM), and enface imaging. This retrospective study was conducted at Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome (Italy), between September and December 2022. Each patient underwent a complete ophthalmological examination, which included optical coherence tomography (OCT), enface image analysis, AF, and RM imaging. We further evaluated the presence and area of extension of serous retinal detachment and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) atrophy through AF, RM, and enface imaging. We included 32 eyes from 27 patients (mean age: 52.7 \u00b1 13.3 years). The median AF area was 19.5 mm2 (IQR 6.1\u201329.3), while the median RM area was 12.3 mm2 (IQR 8.1\u201330.8), and the median enface area was 9.3 mm2 (IQR 4.8\u201318.6). RPE atrophy was diagnosed in 26 cases (81.3%) with RM imaging and in 75% of cases with AF. No difference emerged between AF and RM analysis in the detection of central serous detachment in CSC. However, RM imaging showed a high specificity (91.7%) and negative predictive value (84.6%) to detect RPE changes when compared to the AF standard-of-care technique. Thus, RM imaging could be considered an adjunctive imaging method in CSC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life13061407","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,19]],"date-time":"2023-06-19T01:31:14Z","timestamp":1687138274000},"page":"1407","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Central Serous Chorioretinopathy by Autofluorescence, Enface and SLO\u2013Retromode Imaging"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1397-4333","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Cristina","family":"Savastano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Ophthalmology Unit, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9474-0517","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudia","family":"Fossataro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Ophthalmology Unit, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Riccardo","family":"Sadun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Ophthalmology Unit, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Scupola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ocular Oncology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Grazia","family":"Sammarco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ocular Oncology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Clara","family":"Rizzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmic Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0310-3529","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pia Clara","family":"Pafundi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facility of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Gemelli Generator, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stanislao","family":"Rizzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Ophthalmology Unit, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Istituto di Neuroscienze del CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2012-302974","article-title":"Retinal and choroidal changes observed with \u201cEn face\u201d enhanced-depth imaging OCT in central serous chorioretinopathy","volume":"97","author":"Lehmann","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2015.05.003","article-title":"Central serous chorioretinopathy: Recent findings and new physiopathology hypothesis","volume":"48","author":"Daruich","year":"2015","journal-title":"Prog. Retin. 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