{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,14]],"date-time":"2026-02-14T10:03:30Z","timestamp":1771063410223,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,15]],"date-time":"2023-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1689379200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Life"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Thromboembolic (TE) risk scores used for atrial fibrillation (AF) patients do not include mitral annular calcification (MAC) as a potential indicator of vascular disease. This research evaluated the correlation between MAC and TE risk scores (CHADS2 and CHA2DS2-VASc). We compared TE risk score values and clinical and echocardiographic data in patients with and without MAC. We included, prospectively, 103 patients: 40.8% with AF, 83.5% with hypertension, 30.1% with type II diabetes mellitus, 79.6% with chronic heart failure, and 7.8% with a history of stroke. We identified MAC in 50.5% of patients. The mean CHADS2 and CHA2DS2-VASc scores were 2.56 \u00b1 1.135 and 4.57 \u00b1 1.61, respectively. In MAC patients, both scores tended to increase significantly compared with the control (2.88 \u00b1 1.114 versus 2.24 \u00b1 1.06, p = 0.005, and 5.21 \u00b1 1.51 versus 3.92 \u00b1 1.46, p &lt; 0.001, respectively). The left ventricular ejection fraction negatively correlated with the presence of MAC (r = \u22120.254, p = 0.01). The presence of MAC was a risk factor for vascular disease (OR = 2.47, \u03c72 = 34.32, p &lt; 0001). Conclusions: The presence of MAC is associated with greater TE risk scores and a higher risk of vascular disease. It appears that adding MAC as a vascular disease parameter to TE risk scores may have benefits for patients by improving their predictive value.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life13071568","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,17]],"date-time":"2023-07-17T00:41:05Z","timestamp":1689554465000},"page":"1568","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Mitral Annular Calcification and Thromboembolic Risk"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-5066-0690","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paula Cristina","family":"Morariu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania"},{"name":"Medical Clinic, \u201cSf. Spiridon\u201d Emergency Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniela Maria","family":"Tanase","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania"},{"name":"Medical Clinic, \u201cSf. Spiridon\u201d Emergency Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diana Elena","family":"Iov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania"},{"name":"Medical Clinic, \u201cSf. Spiridon\u201d Emergency Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3994-2356","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oana","family":"S\u00eerbu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania"},{"name":"Medical Clinic, \u201cSf. Spiridon\u201d Emergency Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexandru Florinel","family":"Oancea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania"},{"name":"Cardiology Clinic, \u201cSf. Spiridon\u201d Emergency Hospital Ia\u0219i, 700111 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cornel Gabriel","family":"Mircea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cristina Petronela","family":"Chiriac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Clinic, \u201cSf. Spiridon\u201d Emergency Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Genoveva Livia","family":"Baroi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania"},{"name":"Surgery Clinic, \u201dSf. Spiridon\u201d Emergency Hospital Ia\u0219i, 700111 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7083-8197","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ionela-Daniela","family":"Morariu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental and Food Chemistry, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy Ia\u0219i, 700111 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0402-060X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina Gena","family":"Dasc\u0103lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lauren\u0163iu","family":"\u015eorodoc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania"},{"name":"Medical Clinic, \u201cSf. Spiridon\u201d Emergency Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9465-1503","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariana","family":"Floria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania"},{"name":"Medical Clinic, \u201cSf. Spiridon\u201d Emergency Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1934","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2015.08.872","article-title":"Mitral Annulus Calcification","volume":"66","author":"Abramowitz","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2019.07.011","article-title":"Mechanisms of Mitral Annular Calcification","volume":"30","author":"Massera","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trends Cardiovasc. Med."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1007\/s11883-020-0825-3","article-title":"Mitral Annular Calcification: Association with Atherosclerosis and Clinical Implications","volume":"22","author":"Cavalcanti","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Atheroscler. 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