{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T21:08:44Z","timestamp":1792789724999,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,6]],"date-time":"2023-09-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693958400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Romanian Ministry of Research, Innovation and Digitization","award":["11PFE\/30.12.2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["11PFE\/30.12.2021"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Life"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Lately, the high incidence of pesticide usage has attracted everyone\u2019s interest due to the serious effects produced. Fipronil (FIP) is a phenylpyrazole compound that acts on the insect\u2019s GABA neurotransmitter by inhibiting its activity. Moreover, the literature reports highlight its implication in neurodevelopmental abnormalities and oxidative stress production in different organisms. Similarly, pyriproxyfen (PYR) is known to affect insect activity by mimicking the natural hormones involved in the maturation of the young insects. The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of the mixture of these pesticides on the tissues and behavior of zebrafish. Methods: To assess the influence of this cocktail on zebrafish, three groups of animals were randomly selected and exposed to 0, 0.05, and 0.1 mg L\u22121 FIP and PYR mixture for five days. The fish were evaluated daily by the T-maze tests for locomotor activity and the light\u2013dark test and recordings lasted four min. The data were quantified using the EthoVision software. Results: Our results indicated significant changes in locomotor activity parameters that showed increased levels following exposure to the mixture of FIP and PYR. On the other hand, the mixture also triggered anxiety in the zebrafish, which spent more time in the light area than in the dark area. In addition, mixture-induced histological changes were observed in the form of numerous hemosiderin deposits found in various zebrafish tissues. Conclusions: The current findings indicate that the mixture of FIP and PYR can have considerable consequences on adult zebrafish and may promote or cause functional neurological changes in addition to histological ones.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life13091874","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,6]],"date-time":"2023-09-06T10:14:14Z","timestamp":1693995254000},"page":"1874","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Histopathological and Behavioral Impairments in Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Chronically Exposed to a Cocktail of Fipronil and Pyriproxyfen"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-5084-9182","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Madalina Andreea","family":"Robea","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral School of Biology, Faculty of Biology, \u201cAlexandru Ioan Cuza\u201d University of Iasi, 700505 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6349-2423","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adriana","family":"Petrovici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preclinics, University of Life Sciences, 700490 Iasi, Romania"},{"name":"Regional Center of Advanced Research for Emerging Diseases, Zoonoses and Food Safety, 700490 Iasi, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine \u201cIon Ionescu de la Brad\u201d, 700489 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dorel","family":"Ureche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology, Ecology and Environmental Protection, University \u201cVasile Alecsandri\u201d, 600115 Bacau, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9755-6771","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mircea","family":"Nicoara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, \u201cAlexandru Ioan Cuza\u201d University of Iasi, 700505 Iasi, Romania"},{"name":"Doctoral School of Geosciences, Faculty of Geography and Geology, \u201cAlexandru Ioan Cuza\u201d University of Iasi, 700505 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alin Stelian","family":"Ciobica","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, \u201cAlexandru Ioan Cuza\u201d University of Iasi, 700505 Iasi, Romania"},{"name":"Academy of Romanian Scientists, 050094 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Center of Biomedical Research, Romanian Academy, 700506 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tudi, M., Daniel Ruan, H., Wang, L., Lyu, J., Sadler, R., Connell, D., Chu, C., and Phung, D.T. 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