{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T01:16:41Z","timestamp":1785806201298,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,11]],"date-time":"2023-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1694390400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Science, Technological Development and Innovation of the Republic of Serbia","award":["451-03-47\/2023-01\/200015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["451-03-47\/2023-01\/200015"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science, Technological Development and Innovation of the Republic of Serbia","award":["Project No. 200110"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Project No. 200110"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004564","name":"Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["451-03-47\/2023-01\/200015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["451-03-47\/2023-01\/200015"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004564","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004564","name":"Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Project No. 200110"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Project No. 200110"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004564","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Life"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The experience of an infertility diagnosis and treatment imposes a profound burden on affected individuals, encompassing not only physical and medical aspects but also a plethora of psychological, social, and emotional factors. By employing a multimodal assessment featuring validated self-report questionnaires, physical measurements, and clinical records, the present study aimed to explore the quality of life and psycho-emotional distress of men undergoing infertility treatment in Serbia, thereby addressing the dearth of research on the underrepresented male perspective in this domain. Findings revealed diverse semen abnormalities among participants (n = 96, average age 37.69 \u00b1 5.72), with significant associations between longer treatment durations and reduced sperm motility. The observed rates of men surpassing predetermined DASS-42 questionnaire thresholds for depression, anxiety, and stress in the analyzed cohort were 13.54%, 11.46%, and 22.92%, respectively. Summary scores in conceptual areas comprised in the SF-36 questionnaire ranged from 49.00 \u00b1 6.25 for the mental health dimension to 90.16 \u00b1 17.75 obtained in the physical functioning subscale. Patients with a longer treatment duration demonstrated lower scores in the role emotional domain, indicative of a less favorable emotional state. Expectedly, inverse correlations were found between the SF-36 mental health score and DASS-42 subscales. By addressing the existing knowledge gap and highlighting the unique needs of infertile men, the finding of this study may contribute to a more inclusive and holistic approach to infertility research and management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life13091894","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,11]],"date-time":"2023-09-11T09:05:17Z","timestamp":1694423117000},"page":"1894","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Understanding the Male Perspective: Evaluating Quality of Life and Psychological Distress in Serbian Men Undergoing Infertility Treatment"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-1095-8464","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bojan","family":"\u010cegar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Urology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"\u0160ipeti\u0107 Gruji\u010di\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7413-0324","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jovana","family":"Bjeki\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Neuroscience Group, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aleksandar","family":"Vuksanovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Urology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neboj\u0161a","family":"Bojani\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Urology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Bartolovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Medical Biochemistry, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-8935-7629","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Darko","family":"Jovanovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Urology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2597-3426","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Milica","family":"Zekovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2017.06.005","article-title":"The International Glossary on Infertility and Fertility Care","volume":"108","author":"Adamson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2023, May 01). Infertility Prevalence Estimates: 1990\u20132021. Available online: https:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/bitstream\/handle\/10665\/366700\/9789240068315-eng.pdf."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e012322","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgh-2023-012322","article-title":"Fulfilment of fertility desires for the attainment of Global Sustainable Development Goals","volume":"8","author":"Mburu","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMJ Glob. Health"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1038\/nrurol.2018.20","article-title":"Sexual dysfunction and male infertility","volume":"15","author":"Lotti","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Urol."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e442","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgaa781","article-title":"Male infertility due to testicular disorders","volume":"106","author":"Sharma","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1038\/s41585-018-0003-3","article-title":"Genetics of male infertility","volume":"15","author":"Krausz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Urol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16023","DOI":"10.1038\/npjgenmed.2016.23","article-title":"Pathogenic landscape of idiopathic male infertility: New insight towards its regulatory networks","volume":"1","author":"Kothandaraman","year":"2016","journal-title":"NPJ Genom. Med."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.5468\/ogs.2018.61.2.179","article-title":"Clinical assessment of the male fertility","volume":"61","author":"Khatun","year":"2018","journal-title":"Obstet. Gynecol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aju.2017.10.005","article-title":"Prediction of male infertility by the World Health Organization laboratory manual for assessment of semen analysis: A systematic review","volume":"16","author":"Patel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arab J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2018.08.015","article-title":"Male infertility as a window to health","volume":"110","author":"Choy","year":"2018","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwp168","article-title":"Good semen quality and life expectancy: A cohort study of 43,277 men","volume":"170","author":"Jensen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2004.01.015","article-title":"Masculinity, infertility, stigma and media reports","volume":"59","author":"Gannon","year":"2004","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.13298","article-title":"Low semen quality and experiences of masculinity and family building","volume":"97","author":"Sylvest","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Obstet. Gynecol. Scand."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1515\/pophzn-2018-0003","article-title":"Missing men, missing infertility: The enactment of sex\/gender in surveys in low-and middle-income countries","volume":"15","author":"Fledderjohann","year":"2018","journal-title":"Popul. Horiz."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmv016","article-title":"Infertility around the globe: New thinking on gender, reproductive technologies and global movements in the 21st century","volume":"21","author":"Inhorn","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod. Update"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889845","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.889845","article-title":"Global Research Trends on Infertility and Psychology From the Past Two Decades: A Bibliometric and Visualized Study","volume":"13","author":"Zhu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1339","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-200112000-00009","article-title":"The treating physician as active gatekeeper in the recruitment of research subjects","volume":"39","author":"Gurwitz","year":"2001","journal-title":"Med. Care"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.7196\/SAJBL.2016.v9i1.465","article-title":"Contextualising the role of the gatekeeper in social science research","volume":"9","author":"Singh","year":"2016","journal-title":"S. Afr. J. Bioeth. Law"},{"key":"ref_19","unstructured":"Jungwirth, A., Diemer, T., Kopa, Z., Krausz, C., and Tournay, H. (2017). Eau Guidelines on Male Infertility, European Association of Urology, EAU Guidelines Office."},{"key":"ref_20","unstructured":"UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2012). International Standard Classification of Education ISCED 2011, UNESCO Institute for Statistics."},{"key":"ref_21","unstructured":"International Labour Office (2012). International Standard Classification of Occupations 08 (ISCO-08), International Labour Office."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1186\/s43043-022-00124-4","article-title":"Environmental and occupational factors and higher risk of couple infertility: A systematic review study","volume":"27","author":"Abdoli","year":"2022","journal-title":"East Fertil. Soc. J."},{"key":"ref_23","unstructured":"WHO (2000). Report of a WHO Consultation, World Health Organization."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1381","DOI":"10.1249\/01.MSS.0000078924.61453.FB","article-title":"International physical activity questionnaire: 12-Country reliability and validity","volume":"35","author":"Craig","year":"2003","journal-title":"Med. Sci. Sports Exerc."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.24211","article-title":"Self-Report Measures of Physical Activity","volume":"72","author":"Healey","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1575","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e31821ece12","article-title":"2011 compendium of physical activities: A second update of codes and MET values","volume":"43","author":"Ainsworth","year":"2011","journal-title":"Med. Sci. Sports Exerc."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Scholes, S., Bridges, S., Fat, L.N., and Mindell, J.S. (2016). Comparison of the Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour Assessment Questionnaire and the Short-Form International Physical Activity Questionnaire: An Analysis of Health Survey for England Data. PLoS ONE, 11.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0151647"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(94)00075-U","article-title":"The structure of negative emotional states: Comparison of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) with the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories","volume":"33","author":"Lovibond","year":"1995","journal-title":"Behav. Res. Ther."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2007.05.004","article-title":"A review of the tripartite model for understanding the link between anxiety and depression in youth","volume":"28","author":"Anderson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin. Psychol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1348\/014466503321903544","article-title":"The Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS): Normative data and latent structure in a large non-clinical sample","volume":"42","author":"Crawford","year":"2003","journal-title":"Br. J. Clin. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(98)00081-X","article-title":"Overview of the SF-36 Health Survey and the International Quality of Life Assessment (IQOLA) Project","volume":"51","author":"Ware","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Clin. Epidemiol."},{"key":"ref_32","unstructured":"Cao, X.W., Lin, K., Li, C.Y., and Yuan, C.W. (2010). WHO Laboratory Manual for the Examination and Processing of Human Semen, WHO. [5th ed.]."},{"key":"ref_33","unstructured":"(2023, May 01). JASP Team. Available online: https:\/\/jasp-stats.org\/."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kelter, R. (2020). Bayesian alternatives to null hypothesis significance testing in biomedical research: A non-technical introduction to Bayesian inference with JASP. BMC Med. Res. Methodol., 20.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-020-00980-6"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.3758\/s13423-020-01798-5","article-title":"The JASP guidelines for conducting and reporting a Bayesian analysis","volume":"28","author":"Dablander","year":"2021","journal-title":"Psychon. Bull. Rev."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1557988320982167","DOI":"10.1177\/1557988320982167","article-title":"The Etiology of Infertility Affects Fertility Quality of Life of Males Undergoing Fertility Workup and Treatment","volume":"15","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am. J. Mens. Health"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1935","DOI":"10.1111\/jsm.12207","article-title":"Relationship between sexual dysfunction and psychological burden in men with infertility: A large observational study in China","volume":"10","author":"Gao","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Sex. Med."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.3390\/dietetics1030016","article-title":"Pre-Conceptual Guidelines for Men: A Review of Male Infertility Experience, including Nutrition and Lifestyle Factors","volume":"1","author":"Bold","year":"2022","journal-title":"Dietetics"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1080\/14647273.2016.1222083","article-title":"The experience of infertility treatment: The male perspective","volume":"19","author":"Arya","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hum. Fertil."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1007\/s10815-016-0763-8","article-title":"Novel concepts in male factor infertility: Clinical and laboratory perspectives","volume":"33","author":"Esteves","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Assist. Reprod. Genet."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.4103\/aja.aja_53_21","article-title":"Severe male factor in in vitro fertilization: Definition, prevalence, and treatment. An update","volume":"24","author":"Mazzilli","year":"2022","journal-title":"Asian J. Androl."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1080\/2090598X.2021.1954415","article-title":"Current updates and future perspectives in the evaluation of azoospermia: A systematic review","volume":"19","author":"Punjani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arab J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)38662-7","article-title":"Evaluation of the azoospermic patient","volume":"142","author":"Jarow","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.6061\/clinics\/2013(Sup01)03","article-title":"The epidemiology and etiology of azoospermia","volume":"68","author":"Cocuzza","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clinics"},{"key":"ref_45","first-page":"73","article-title":"Evaluation of depression, anxiety and quality of life in patients with non-obstructive azoospermia","volume":"19","author":"Topuz","year":"2021","journal-title":"Rev. Int. Androl."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-13-0399","article-title":"Age, the environment and our reproductive future: Bonking baby boomers and the future of sex","volume":"147","author":"Aitken","year":"2013","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1071\/RD15325","article-title":"Causes and consequences of oxidative stress in spermatozoa","volume":"28","author":"Aitken","year":"2016","journal-title":"Reprod. Fertil. Dev."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1080\/01485010390219656","article-title":"Asthenozoospermia: Analysis of a large population","volume":"49","author":"Curi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch. Androl."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13463","DOI":"10.1111\/and.13463","article-title":"Asthenozoospermia: Cellular and molecular contributing factors and treatment strategies","volume":"52","author":"Shahrokhi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Andrologia"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2016.04.010","article-title":"Cigarette Smoking and Semen Quality: A New Meta-analysis Examining the Effect of the 2010 World Health Organization Laboratory Methods for the Examination of Human Semen","volume":"70","author":"Sharma","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. Urol."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1186\/s43043-022-00099-2","article-title":"Obesity and male infertility: Multifaceted reproductive disruption","volume":"27","author":"Chaudhuri","year":"2022","journal-title":"Middle East Fertil. Soc. J."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1038\/nrurol.2010.6","article-title":"The effect of obesity on sperm disorders and male infertility","volume":"7","author":"Cabler","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Urol."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Keszthelyi, M., Gyarmathy, V.A., Kaposi, A., and Kopa, Z. (2020). The potential role of central obesity in male infertility: Body mass index versus waist to hip ratio as they relate to selected semen parameters. BMC Public Health, 20.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-020-8413-6"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.4103\/jhrs.JHRS_15_20","article-title":"Body Mass Index and Sperm Quality: Is there a Relationship?","volume":"13","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Hum. Reprod. Sci."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e14099","DOI":"10.1111\/and.14099","article-title":"Does obesity based on body mass index affect semen quality?\u2014A meta-analysis and systematic review from the general population rather than the infertile population","volume":"53","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Andrologia"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e09827","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2022.e09827","article-title":"Paramedical counselling in infertility treatment: Its effects on anxio-depressive symptom severity, perceived stress and self-esteem","volume":"8","author":"Helembai","year":"2022","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2605.2007.00806.x","article-title":"Psychological factors in male partners of infertile couples: Relationship with semen quality and early miscarriage","volume":"31","author":"Zorn","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int. J. Androl."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1177\/1557988317695901","article-title":"Assessment on Occurrences of Depression and Anxiety and Associated Risk Factors in the Infertile Chinese Men","volume":"11","author":"Yang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. J. Mens. Health"},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2056","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/den154","article-title":"Prevalence of psychiatric disorders in infertile women and men undergoing in vitro fertilization treatment","volume":"23","author":"Volgsten","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2011.04.032","article-title":"Prevalence and incidence of depressive and anxious symptoms in couples undergoing assisted reproductive treatment in an Italian infertility department","volume":"158","author":"Chiaffarino","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(99)00164-8","article-title":"The fertility problem inventory: Measuring perceived infertility-related stress","volume":"72","author":"Sherrard","year":"1999","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.5653\/cerm.2016.43.3.174","article-title":"Psychological distress and fertility quality of life (FertiQoL) in infertile Korean women: The first validation study of Korean FertiQoL","volume":"43","author":"Chi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Reprod. Med."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)54786-4","article-title":"The effects of gender-specific diagnosis on men\u2019s and women\u2019s response to infertility","volume":"57","author":"Nachtigall","year":"1992","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"ref_64","unstructured":"World Health Organization (1998). Programme on Mental Health: WHOQOL User Manual, WHO. 2012 revision."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.5964\/ejop.v9i1.337","article-title":"Quality of life: Definition and measurement","volume":"9","author":"Theofilou","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. J. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1097\/MOU.0000000000001047","article-title":"Counseling for the man with severe male infertility","volume":"33","author":"Belladelli","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Urol."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1286","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deh788","article-title":"Health-related quality of life and need for IVF in 1000 Italian infertile couples","volume":"20","author":"Ragni","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rashidi, B., Montazeri, A., Ramezanzadeh, F., Shariat, M., Abedinia, N., and Ashrafi, M. (2008). Health-related quality of life in infertile couples receiving IVF or ICSI treatment. BMC Health Serv. Res., 8.","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6963-8-186"},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2007.10.069","article-title":"Sexual Function and Quality of Life in the Male Partner of Infertile Couples: Prevalence and Correlates of Dysfunction","volume":"179","author":"Shindel","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_70","first-page":"110","article-title":"Assessment of questionnaires measuring quality of life in infertile couples: A systematic review","volume":"14","author":"Mousavi","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Infertil."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1055\/a-0918-6118","article-title":"Predictors for the Early Termination of a Psychological Intervention During Treatment with Assisted Reproductive Technologies","volume":"80","author":"Bernd","year":"2020","journal-title":"Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd."},{"key":"ref_72","first-page":"100324","article-title":"Depressive ranges in infertile couples with male factor","volume":"21","year":"2023","journal-title":"Rev. Int. Androl."},{"key":"ref_73","first-page":"197","article-title":"Demand-oriented Cognitive-behavioural Intervention for Couples with Infertility (FERTIFIT): A Pilot Study about Development, Feasibility and Acceptance","volume":"73","year":"2023","journal-title":"Psychother. Psychosom. Med. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1186\/s12955-019-1099-8","article-title":"Resilience acts as a moderator in the relationship between infertility-related stress and fertility quality of life among women with infertility: A cross-sectional study","volume":"17","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Health Qual. Life Outcomes"},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1177\/1557988311409022","article-title":"Beyond ballistics: Expanding our conceptualization of men\u2019s health-related help seeking","volume":"5","author":"Wenger","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. J. Mens. Health"}],"container-title":["Life"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-1729\/13\/9\/1894\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T20:48:43Z","timestamp":1760129323000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-1729\/13\/9\/1894"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,11]]},"references-count":75,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]}},"alternative-id":["life13091894"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/life13091894","relation":{},"ISSN":["2075-1729"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2075-1729","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,11]]}}}