{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T22:11:57Z","timestamp":1760134317446,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,27]],"date-time":"2023-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701043200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010425","name":"Tri-Service General Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TSGH-D-112157"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TSGH-D-112157"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010425","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Life"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Over the last decade, many studies have assessed the efficacy of treatments for refractory\/relapsed multiple myeloma (R\/R MM). While combination therapies show greater efficacy than traditional methods, limited research has targeted elderly patients who might be less resilient to treatments. Our study aimed to evaluate treatment efficacy for these elderly patients. Methods: We carried out a comprehensive review of the literature using a systematic approach. Initially, 4966 citations were retrieved and subsequently narrowed down to 13 eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) through our systematic review process from databases like Embase, PubMed, and Cochrane Library from 1 January 2000 to 31 December 2022. Evidence was collated through a frequentist network meta-analysis, using the hazard ratio (HR) for evaluation. Results: Combined therapy of daratumumab, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone (DaraLenDex) was the preferred treatment for R\/R MM elderly patients. Its strengths included an HR for progression-free survival (0.15; 95% CI: 0.09\u20130.25) and a 96% P-score. Conclusions: Our analysis suggests that, pending more comprehensive RCTs, DaraLenDex is the treatment with the highest efficacy for R\/R MM in elderly patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life13122259","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,27]],"date-time":"2023-11-27T03:33:56Z","timestamp":1701056036000},"page":"2259","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Progression-Free Survival Efficacy in Refractory\/Relapsed Multiple Myeloma among Elderly Patients: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Tung-Lung","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology and Oncology Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2337-2096","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chin","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Research and Development, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ching-Liang","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology and Oncology Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tzu-Chuan","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology and Oncology Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi-Ying","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology and Oncology Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hong-Jie","family":"Jhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Po-Huang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology and Oncology Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cho-Hao","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology and Oncology Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"83","article-title":"WHO classification of tumours of haematopoietic and lymphoid tissues in 2008: An overview","volume":"102","author":"Sabattini","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pathologica"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1046","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1011442","article-title":"Multiple myeloma","volume":"364","author":"Palumbo","year":"2011","journal-title":"N. 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