{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T17:00:47Z","timestamp":1762102847394,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,28]],"date-time":"2024-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706400000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U20A2051","2022B02","2023M731138"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U20A2051","2022B02","2023M731138"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Open project of Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Design and Precision Breeding","award":["U20A2051","2022B02","2023M731138"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U20A2051","2022B02","2023M731138"]}]},{"name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","award":["U20A2051","2022B02","2023M731138"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U20A2051","2022B02","2023M731138"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Life"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The mammary gland of mammals can generate numerous bioactive proteins. To express the human amylin protein in the mammary glands of domestic animals, we engineered a transgenic mammary gland bioreactor. For this study, we produced transgenic mice through prokaryotic microinjection. RT-PCR, qPCR, and Western blotting confirmed the presence of transgenes in the mice. The ELISA assay indicated an amylin yield of approximately 1.44 \u03bcg\/mL in the mice milk. Further research revealed that consuming milk containing amylin resulted in a slight, but insignificant enhancement in food consumption, blood sugar equilibrium, and glucose tolerance. The influence of amylin-fortified milk on the abundance of fecal strains in mice was examined, and a significant difference in the quantity of strains needed for fatty acid synthesis and metabolism was discovered. The amylin protein gathered from humans is safe to consume, as no harmful effects were detected in the mice. Our study examined the production of human amylin using a new safety strategy that could potentially alleviate diabetic symptoms in the future through oral administration of milk containing amylin.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life14020191","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,29]],"date-time":"2024-01-29T08:11:27Z","timestamp":1706515887000},"page":"191","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Construction and Identification of a Breast Bioreactor for Human-Derived Hypoglycemic Protein Amylin"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Kongwei","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiuying","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3190-2253","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhipeng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fuhang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kuiqing","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3265-540X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qingyou","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-019-01245-3","article-title":"Clinical Considerations When Initiating and Titrating Insulin Degludec\/Liraglutide (IDegLira) in People with Type 2 Diabetes","volume":"80","author":"Harris","year":"2020","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcjd.2015.06.010","article-title":"Efficacy and Cardiovascular Safety of Linagliptin as an Add-On to Insulin in Type 2 Diabetes: A Pooled Comprehensive Post Hoc Analysis","volume":"40","author":"Zinman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Can. 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