{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T07:08:29Z","timestamp":1778569709824,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,18]],"date-time":"2024-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708214400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program \u201cApplied Nutrition and Dietetics\u201d, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University"},{"name":"Hellenic Atherosclerosis Society"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Life"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) may be associated with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) presence and is more pronounced with increasing OSA severity; however, the relationship between these two entities remains unclear. This was a cross-sectional study among 262 adults with in-hospital-attended polysomnography-diagnosed OSA and no additional major comorbidities, aiming to explore possible associations between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and polysomnographic parameters. Data on demographics, medical history, anthropometric indices, and lifestyle habits were collected at enrolment. Serum 25(OH)D was evaluated using chemiluminescence, with VDD defined as 25(OH)D &lt; 20 ng\/mL. VDD was observed in 63% of the participants. Serum 25(OH)D correlated negatively with apnea\u2013hypopnea index and other polysomnographic indices (all p &lt; 0.05). In logistic regression analysis, adjusting for age, sex, smoking, body mass index, physical activity, dietary vitamin D intake, and season of blood sampling, serum 25(OH)D was associated with lower odds of severe OSA [odds ratio (95% confidence interval): 0.94 (0.90\u20130.98)]. In the same multivariate model, VDD was associated with ~threefold higher odds of severe OSA [2.75 (1.38\u20135.48)]. In stratified analyses, VDD predicted OSA severity in the group of participants \u226550 y [3.54 (1.29\u20139.68)] and among those with body mass index \u2265 30 kg\/m2 [3.38 (1.52\u20137.52)], but not in the younger and non-obese adults. This study provides further evidence of an inverse association between vitamin D levels and OSA severity and underscores the importance of considering vitamin D status as a potential modifiable factor in the comprehensive management of OSA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life14020275","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,19]],"date-time":"2024-02-19T10:40:15Z","timestamp":1708339215000},"page":"275","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Associations between Vitamin D Status and Polysomnographic Parameters in Adults with Obstructive Sleep Apnea"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7953-968X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ioanna","family":"Kechribari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, 17676 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3168-8867","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meropi D.","family":"Kontogianni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, 17676 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4619-2100","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Georgoulis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, 17676 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kallirroi","family":"Lamprou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Sleep Disorders, 1st Department of Critical Care, Evangelismos General Hospital, 10676 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eleni","family":"Perraki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Sleep Disorders, 1st Department of Critical Care, Evangelismos General Hospital, 10676 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emmanouil","family":"Vagiakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Sleep Disorders, 1st Department of Critical Care, Evangelismos General Hospital, 10676 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nikos","family":"Yiannakouris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, 17676 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"142","article-title":"A comprehensive review of obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"14","author":"Abbasi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sleep Sci."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e56","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000988","article-title":"Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Cardiovascular Disease: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association","volume":"144","author":"Yeghiazarians","year":"2021","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2023.107122","article-title":"Adipocytokines in obstructive sleep apnea: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"208","author":"Janmohammadi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Respir. 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