{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]],"date-time":"2026-03-02T16:14:49Z","timestamp":1772468089658,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,20]],"date-time":"2024-06-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718841600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Life"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Tracheal grafts have been investigated for over a century, aiming to replace various lesions. However, tracheal reconstruction surgery remains a challenge, primarily due to anatomical considerations, intraoperative airway management, the technical complexity of reconstruction, and the potential postoperative morbidity and mortality. Due to research development, the amniotic membrane (AM) and Wharton\u2019s Jelly (WJ) arise as alternatives within the new set of therapeutic alternatives. These structures hold significant therapeutic potential for tracheal defects. This study analyzed the capacity of tracheal tissue regeneration after 60 days of decellularized WJ and AM implantation in rabbits submitted to conventional tracheostomy. Methods: An in vivo experimental study was carried out using thirty rabbits separated into three groups (Control, AM, and WJ) (n = 10). The analyses were performed 60 days after surgery through immunohistochemistry. Results: Different immunomarkers related to scar regeneration, such as aggrecan, TGF-\u03b21, and \u03b1-SMA, were analyzed. However, they highlighted no significant difference between the groups. Collagen type I, III, and Aggrecan also showed no significant difference between the groups. Conclusions: Both scaffolds appeared to be excellent frameworks for tissue engineering, presenting biocompatibility and a desirable microenvironment for cell survival; however, they did not display histopathological benefits in trachea tissue regeneration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life14060782","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,21]],"date-time":"2024-06-21T05:33:28Z","timestamp":1718948008000},"page":"782","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Decellularized Wharton\u2019s Jelly and Amniotic Membrane Demonstrate Potential Therapeutic Implants in Tracheal Defects in Rabbits"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Aloysio Enck","family":"Neto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontif\u00edcia Universidade Cat\u00f3lica do Paran\u00e1 (PUCPR), Curitiba 80215-901, PR, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2854-5603","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katia Martins","family":"Foltz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontif\u00edcia Universidade Cat\u00f3lica do Paran\u00e1 (PUCPR), Curitiba 80215-901, PR, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thiago","family":"Fuchs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Medicine Undergraduated Program, University of Contestado (UNC), Mafra 89300-000, SC, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luize Kremer","family":"Gamba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontif\u00edcia Universidade Cat\u00f3lica do Paran\u00e1 (PUCPR), Curitiba 80215-901, PR, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9615-5186","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcos Antonio","family":"Denk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedicine Undergraduate Program, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Pontif\u00edcia Universidade Cat\u00f3lica do Paran\u00e1, Curitiba 80215-901, PR, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4908-2257","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo Cesar Lock","family":"Silveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Program of Postgraduate in Science of Health, Laboratory of Experimental Physiopathology, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (UNESC), Crici\u00fama 88806-000, SC, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thatyanne Gradowski do","family":"Nascimento","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontif\u00edcia Universidade Cat\u00f3lica do Paran\u00e1 (PUCPR), Curitiba 80215-901, PR, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alice Machado","family":"Clemencia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Program of Postgraduate in Science of Health, Laboratory of Experimental Physiopathology, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (UNESC), Crici\u00fama 88806-000, SC, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1970-6399","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julio C\u00e9sar","family":"Francisco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontif\u00edcia Universidade Cat\u00f3lica do Paran\u00e1 (PUCPR), Curitiba 80215-901, PR, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0310-7164","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucia de","family":"Noronha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontif\u00edcia Universidade Cat\u00f3lica do Paran\u00e1 (PUCPR), Curitiba 80215-901, PR, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2781-9705","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luiz C\u00e9sar","family":"Guarita-Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontif\u00edcia Universidade Cat\u00f3lica do Paran\u00e1 (PUCPR), Curitiba 80215-901, PR, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.teb.2020.0238","article-title":"The History of Engineered Tracheal Replacements: Interpreting the Past and Guiding the 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Respir. Med."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1007\/s12070-014-0808-1","article-title":"Management of Post-Traumatic Laryngotracheal Stenosis: Our Experience","volume":"67","author":"Kandakure","year":"2015","journal-title":"Indian J. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd-21-1721","article-title":"Tracheal Stenosis as a Complication of Prolonged Intubation in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Patients: A Peruvian Cohort","volume":"14","author":"Palacios","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Thorac. Dis."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1002\/term.3019","article-title":"Biomedical Grafts for Tracheal Tissue Repairing and Regeneration \u201cTracheal Tissue Engineering: An Overview\u201d","volume":"14","author":"Dhasmana","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Tissue Eng. Regen. 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