{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T14:26:09Z","timestamp":1783607169951,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,22]],"date-time":"2024-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719014400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Life"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Bacillus Calmette-Gu\u00e9rin (BCG) therapy for patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) faces limitations in efficacy and significant side effects, aggravated by a recent global shortage. In this prospective clinical study, we report the outcomes of sequential intravesical administration of gemcitabine and docetaxel (Gem\/Doce) as a first-line treatment for BCG-na\u00efve patients with high-risk NMIBC (HR NMIBC). From October 2019 until April 2022, we enrolled 52 patients and followed the treatment protocol set forth by the University of Iowa. Follow-up assessments were conducted every 3 months. In this cohort, 25 (48.1%) patients were diagnosed with high-grade T1 (T1HG) bladder cancer, 10 (19.2%) patients had carcinoma in situ (CIS), and 17 (32.7%) patients had a combination of T1HG+CIS. The median time to first recurrence in the T1HG, CIS, and T1HG+CIS groups was 11, 10.5, and 8.8 months, respectively. The recurrence-free survival was 98.1%, 94.2%, and 80.8% at 6, 9, and 12 months, respectively. The rate of progression-free survival was 100%, 98.1%, and 92.3% at 6, 9, and 12 months, respectively. We demonstrated the safety and efficacy of Gem\/Doce therapy in BCG-na\u00efve patients with HR NMIBC during a one-year follow-up. Further research with extended follow-ups, as well as direct comparisons of Gem\/Doce with other anticancer agents, is essential.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life14070789","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,24]],"date-time":"2024-06-24T10:41:12Z","timestamp":1719225672000},"page":"789","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Intravesical Gemcitabine and Docetaxel Therapy for BCG-Na\u00efve Patients: A Promising Approach to Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4612-3578","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mirko","family":"Bakula","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Kispaticeva 12, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"},{"name":"School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Salata 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6658-2344","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tvrtko","family":"Hudolin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Kispaticeva 12, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"},{"name":"School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Salata 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9198-310X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nikola","family":"Knezevic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Kispaticeva 12, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"},{"name":"School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Salata 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3776-8203","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zoran","family":"Zimak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Kispaticeva 12, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jerko","family":"Andelic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Kispaticeva 12, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9687-3655","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilija","family":"Juric","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Kispaticeva 12, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marija","family":"Gamulin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Salata 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"},{"name":"Department of Oncology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Kispaticeva 12, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milena","family":"Gnjidic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Kispaticeva 12, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zeljko","family":"Kastelan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Kispaticeva 12, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"},{"name":"School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Salata 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2023, May 30). 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