{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T10:51:30Z","timestamp":1792234290229,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,17]],"date-time":"2024-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723852800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Brazilian Ministry of Education via CAPES (Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["88887.636327"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["88887.636327"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Life"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Gentisic acid (2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid) is primarily found naturally in plants and has demonstrated a significant range of biological activities; however, its efficacy and safety as a topical application ingredient are not yet well established. Thus, the compound\u2019s potential antioxidant and antimicrobial properties were evaluated for efficacy, while the cytotoxicity was evaluated for safety. The antioxidant activity, measured by the DPPH kinetic method, showed an Efficiency Concentration (EC50) of 0.09 with an antioxidant reducing power (ARP) of 11.1. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against Staphylococcus aureus was 4.15 mg\/mL, Escherichia coli was 4.00 mg\/mL, Candida albicans was 3.00 mg\/mL, and Cutibacterium acnes was 3.60 mg\/mL, and the MIC for C. acnes has remained unpublished until now. The substance showed low cytotoxicity by the neutral red uptake (NRU) methodology against HaCat, HDFa, and HepG2 cells at concentrations of up to 10.0, 7.3, and 4.0 mM, respectively, also representing unpublished data. This evidence demonstrates gentisic acid as a promising active substance for skin topical application in the cosmetic or pharmaceutical industry.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life14081022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,19]],"date-time":"2024-08-19T03:43:28Z","timestamp":1724039008000},"page":"1022","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Can Gentisic Acid Serve as a High-Performance Antioxidant with Lower Toxicity for a Promising New Topical Application?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5310-6878","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luciano B.","family":"Cunha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3800-9409","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eloah D.","family":"Lepore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camila Cristina B.","family":"Medeiros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0920-7580","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rodrigo","family":"Sorrechia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7859-8127","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosemeire C. L. R.","family":"Pietro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9229-3039","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcos A.","family":"Corr\u00eaa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nutricati, E., De Pascali, M., Negro, C., Bianco, P.A., Quaglino, F., Passera, A., Pierro, R., Marcone, C., Panattoni, A., and Sabella, E. (2023). Signaling Cross-Talk between Salicylic and Gentisic Acid in the \u201cCandidatus Phytoplasma Solani\u201d Interaction with Sangiovese Vines. 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