{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T04:56:14Z","timestamp":1789102574550,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,7]],"date-time":"2024-09-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725667200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Life"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Hypoglossal nerve stimulation (HGNS) has emerged as an effective treatment for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Identifying baseline characteristics that prospectively could predict treatment outcomes even better is crucial for optimizing patient selection and improving therapeutic success in the future. A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Literature searches in Medline, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases identified studies assessing baseline characteristics associated with HGNS treatment outcomes. Inclusion criteria focused on studies with adult patients diagnosed with OSA, treated with HGNS, and assessed using full-night efficacy sleep studies. Risk of bias was evaluated using the NICE tool. Twenty-six studies met the inclusion criteria. Commonly reported baseline characteristics with predictive potential included BMI, site of collapse, and various pathophysiological endotypes. Most studies used the original Sher criteria to define treatment response, though variations were noted. Results suggested that lower BMI, absence of complete concentric collapse at the palatal level, and specific pathophysiological traits were associated with better HGNS outcomes. This review identified several baseline characteristics associated with HGNS outcomes, which may guide future patient selection. Importantly, patients were already preselected for HGNS. Standardizing response criteria is recommended to enhance the evaluation and effectiveness of HGNS therapy in OSA patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life14091129","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,9]],"date-time":"2024-09-09T03:04:18Z","timestamp":1725851058000},"page":"1129","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Baseline Characteristics Associated with Hypoglossal Nerve Stimulation Treatment Outcomes in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8684-2852","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eldar","family":"Tukanov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of ENT, Head and Neck Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Edegem, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-8578-3330","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dorine","family":"Van Loo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of ENT, Head and Neck Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Edegem, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marijke","family":"Dieltjens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of ENT, Head and Neck Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Edegem, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6087-678X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Johan","family":"Verbraecken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Multidisciplinary Sleep Disorders Centre, Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Edegem, Belgium"},{"name":"Research Group LEMP, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivier M.","family":"Vanderveken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of ENT, Head and Neck Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Edegem, Belgium"},{"name":"Multidisciplinary Sleep Disorders Centre, Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Edegem, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5978-9814","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Op de Beeck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of ENT, Head and Neck Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Edegem, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(15)00043-0","article-title":"Prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing in the general population: The HypnoLaus study","volume":"3","author":"Heinzer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet Respir. 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