{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T23:44:39Z","timestamp":1787615079493,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":95,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,18]],"date-time":"2024-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731888000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Life"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Shift work has been associated with unhealthy lifestyle habits and a higher prevalence of obesity, which negatively impacts the health of shift workers. The objective of our study was to examine the influence of shift work on obesity, as well as on sociodemographic variables, anthropometric measurements, and lifestyle habits in individuals working this type of schedule. Methods: An observational, cross-sectional, descriptive study involving 53,053 workers from various labour sectors across several Spanish autonomous communities was conducted. It included 31,753 men (17,527 of them working shifts) and 21,300 women (11,281 of them working shifts). The relationship between shift work and obesity was examined, as well as its association with sex, age, social class, education level, smoking, alcohol consumption, sedentary behaviour, and unhealthy diet. Results: Obesity showed higher prevalence and mean values among shift workers across all four formulas used (BMI obesity, WtHR high, CUN BAE obesity, METS-VF high). All variables related to unhealthy lifestyle habits revealed a significantly greater prevalence among shift workers, with high statistical significance (p &lt; 0.001). Age, sex, and social class affected the risk of obesity, with a greater prevalence observed in shift workers compared to non-shift workers (p &lt; 0.001). Men had a higher risk than women, with an OR ranging from 1.17 (1.12\u20131.21) for BMI obesity to 7.45 (6.71\u20138.20) for METS-VF high. Conclusions: Shift workers exhibit a higher prevalence of obesity and unhealthy lifestyle habits, with men at greater risk. The variables that most significantly increase the risk of obesity include age, physical inactivity, low adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and alcohol consumption.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life14111503","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,18]],"date-time":"2024-11-18T13:03:14Z","timestamp":1731934994000},"page":"1503","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Association of Shift Work, Sociodemographic Variables and Healthy Habits with Obesity Scales"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Javier","family":"Tosoratto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Investigation Group ADEMA SALUD, University Institute for Research in Health Sciences (IUNICS), 07010 Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5222-5784","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro Juan","family":"T\u00e1rraga L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, UCLM (University of Castilla La Mancha), 02008 Albacete, Castilla-La Mancha, Spain"},{"name":"SESCAM (Health Service of Castilla La Mancha), 02008 Albacete, Castilla-La Mancha, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7439-8117","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00c1ngel Arturo","family":"L\u00f3pez-Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Investigation Group ADEMA SALUD, University Institute for Research in Health Sciences (IUNICS), 07010 Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain"},{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, University School ADEMA, 07010 Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain"},{"name":"Institut d\u2019Investigaci\u00f3 Sanit\u00e0ria de les Illes Balears (IDISBA), Balearic Islands Health Research Institute Foundation, 07010 Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain"},{"name":"Balearic Islands Health Service, 07010 Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Vallejos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Investigation Group ADEMA SALUD, University Institute for Research in Health Sciences (IUNICS), 07010 Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain"},{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, University School ADEMA, 07010 Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emilio","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Almoyna Rif\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Investigation Group ADEMA SALUD, University Institute for Research in Health Sciences (IUNICS), 07010 Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain"},{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, University School ADEMA, 07010 Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6887-4562","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Ignacio","family":"Ramirez-Manent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Investigation Group ADEMA SALUD, University Institute for Research in Health Sciences (IUNICS), 07010 Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain"},{"name":"Institut d\u2019Investigaci\u00f3 Sanit\u00e0ria de les Illes Balears (IDISBA), Balearic Islands Health Research Institute Foundation, 07010 Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain"},{"name":"Balearic Islands Health Service, 07010 Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of the Balearic Islands, 07010 Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2024, August 25). 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