{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T04:23:59Z","timestamp":1792211039803,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":89,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,4]],"date-time":"2024-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733270400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Life"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This literature review aims to comprehensively evaluate the clinical and dermoscopic presentations of common pediatric diseases among children with skin of color (SoC) while also addressing potential variations based on racial backgrounds. This review encompasses various conditions, such as nevi subtypes, viral infections, infestations, and inflammatory dermatoses, as well as hair diseases and abnormal vascular formations, occurring in pediatric populations. Overall, we identified 7 studies on nevi subtypes, 24 studies on skin infections, 6 on inflammatory dermatoses, 10 on hair diseases and disorders, and 14 on miscellaneous disorders that also satisfied our SoC- and race-specific criteria. In case of no results, we assumed that dermoscopic findings are similar between SoC adults and children, confirming the hypothesis with our cases of dark-skinned Indian child patients. Inflammatory dermatoses such as psoriasis, eczema, and cutaneous mastocytosis, as well as skin infections like cutaneous leishmaniasis, appear with brownish backgrounds or exhibit dark structures more frequently than the respective dermoscopy images of Caucasian populations. Dermoscopy traits such as erythema in tinea capitis are uncommon or even absent on a dark-colored scalp, while a dark skin tone often obscures many characteristic features, such as dark and yellow dots in alopecia areata and even parts of an intradermal parasite in the case of scabies. Race-specific traits were also observed, such as corkscrew hair in tinea capitis, primarily seen in patients of African origin. Many dermoscopic images are consistent between SoC and non-SoC in various skin lesions, including vascular anomalies, juvenile xanthogranuloma, mastocytoma, and viral skin lesions like molluscum contagiosum, as well as in various hair disorders such as trichotillomania, while tinea capitis displays the most diverse reported dermoscopic features across SoC- and race-specific studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life14121604","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,4]],"date-time":"2024-12-04T10:07:10Z","timestamp":1733306830000},"page":"1604","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Exploring Pediatric Dermatology in Skin of Color: Focus on Dermoscopy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-4130-3306","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emmanouil","family":"Karampinis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Second Dermatology Department, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University General Hospital of Larissa, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-4278-4025","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olga","family":"Toli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Second Dermatology Department, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Oncoderm Center One Day Clinic, 45332 Ioannina, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Konstantina-Eirini","family":"Georgopoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Second Dermatology Department, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology, General Hospital of West Attica \u201cAgia Varvara\u201d, 12351 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2152-2698","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria-Myrto","family":"Papadopoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Second Dermatology Department, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital of Karditsa, 43131 Karditsa, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Vardiampasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, General and Oncology Hospital of Kifissia \u201cAgioi Anargyroi\u201d, 14561 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6594-7292","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Efterpi","family":"Zafiriou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University General Hospital of Larissa, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4072-3591","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Lazaridou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Second Dermatology Department, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zoe","family":"Apalla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Second Dermatology Department, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7193-0964","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aimilios","family":"Lallas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Dermatology Department, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Biswanath","family":"Behera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, and Venereology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar 751019, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enzo","family":"Errichetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Dermatology, Department of Medical Area, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1590\/abd1806-4841.20174846","article-title":"Refining the Ideas of \u201cEthnic\u201d Skin","volume":"92","author":"Torres","year":"2017","journal-title":"An. 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