{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T10:56:51Z","timestamp":1783508211310,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,14]],"date-time":"2025-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741910400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"SNUBH research fund","award":["02-2019-0008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["02-2019-0008"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Life"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of topical dopamine administration in inhibiting form deprivation (FD) myopia in a rabbit model. Methods: A total of 16 neonatal New Zealand white rabbits were randomly assigned to two groups: a control group and a dopamine treatment group. FD myopia was induced in both groups by applying a light diffuser to one eye. The dopamine group received daily topical instillations of 4% dopamine in the eye with FD myopia, while the control group received normal saline instillations over a four-week period. Axial length measurements were taken to assess the degree of myopia, and histological analysis was performed to evaluate retinal safety and structural integrity. Results: The results indicated that dopamine treatment significantly inhibited axial elongation of the FD eyes compared to the control group, with measurements of 15.07 \u00b1 0.34 mm for the dopamine group versus 15.63 \u00b1 0.33 mm for the control group (p = 0.015). Histological analysis showed no evidence of structural alterations or apoptosis in the retina, confirming the safety of topical dopamine. Conclusions: Topical dopamine appears to be a promising therapeutic approach for controlling the progression of myopia in a rabbit model, demonstrating significant efficacy in reducing axial elongation without inducing ocular toxicity. These findings highlight the potential of dopamine in managing myopia and warrant further investigation in clinical settings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life15030461","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,14]],"date-time":"2025-03-14T04:29:18Z","timestamp":1741926558000},"page":"461","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Topical Dopamine Application on Form-Deprivation Myopia in Rabbits"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Dong Hyun","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeong-Min","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1140-6036","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hee Kyung","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Grzybowski, A., Kanclerz, P., Tsubota, K., Lanca, C., and Saw, S.M. 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