{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T23:14:38Z","timestamp":1789686878935,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,26]],"date-time":"2025-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742947200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Life"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Intramedullary nails (IMNs) are the most frequent surgical fixation method for femur fractures. Although IMNs provide good healing outcomes and low complication rates, concerns persist regarding potential complications such as malunion, nonunion, and infections. This multicenter retrospective study aims to assess the epidemiology and outcomes of IMNs for diaphyseal femoral fractures. Data from 91 patients who underwent IMN fixation at two Brazilian hospitals between 2020 and 2024 were analyzed, with a mean age of 33.3 years (SD \u00b1 12.7) and 76.9%% of male patients. Traffic accidents were the most common mechanism of trauma (84.61%). The bone healing rate was 96.7% within six months, and 98.9% within one year, with a complication rate of 3.26%, including two cases of pseudoarthrosis, one case of pseudoarthrosis and infection, and two reoperations. There was a significant association between previous external fixation and fracture type (open\/closed) (\u03c72(1) = 17.5, pFischer &lt; 0.001). Previous external fixation was also associated with lower consolidation rates six months post-surgery (\u03c72(1) = 9.83, pFischer = 0.031), but not after one year (\u03c72(1) = 8.19, pFischer = 0.11). The retrograde approach was associated with a lower consolidation rate after six months (\u03c72(1) = 6.98, pFischer = 0.027), but no significant association was found after one year (\u03c72(1) = 2.27, pFischer = 0.308). Only one patient with pseudoarthrosis did not consolidate after one year. The outcomes support the efficacy of IMNs in achieving bone consolidation with low complication rates.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life15040540","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,26]],"date-time":"2025-03-26T06:58:43Z","timestamp":1742972323000},"page":"540","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Intramedullary Nailing in Femoral Diaphyseal Fractures: A Retrospective Multicenter Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-6655-672X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"F\u00e1bio Lucas","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopedics and Traumatology Residency Program, ABC Medical School, Santo Andr\u00e9 09060-870, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2622-4411","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Lya Moya","family":"Ferrari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Development Department, Biomecanica, Ja\u00fa 17212-811, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando Ferraz","family":"Faria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopedics and Traumatology Residency Program, Cajuru University Hospital, Curitiba 80050-350, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rafael Luiz Emmanoel","family":"Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopedics and Traumatology Residency Program, Cajuru University Hospital, Curitiba 80050-350, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuela Fernandes","family":"Lopes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopedics and Traumatology Residency Program, Adriano Jorge Hospital Foundation, Manaus 69079-015, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Eduarda Alencar","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopedics and Traumatology Residency Program, Adriano Jorge Hospital Foundation, Manaus 69079-015, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evelyn Cardenas","family":"Varela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopedics and Traumatology Residency Program, Adriano Jorge Hospital Foundation, Manaus 69079-015, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuel Jucelino Lopes","family":"Filho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopedics and Traumatology Residency Program, Adriano Jorge Hospital Foundation, Manaus 69079-015, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marianna Nogueira","family":"Cecyn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paulista School of Medicine, Department of Psychobiology, Federal University of Sao Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo 04724-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nelson Henrique Carvalho de","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopedics and Traumatology Residency Program, Adriano Jorge Hospital Foundation, Manaus 69079-015, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.17267\/2238-2704rpf.v11i4.4168","article-title":"Fraturas de F\u00eamur em Idosos nas Diferentes Regi\u00f5es do Brasil de 2015 a 2020: An\u00e1lise dos Custos, Tempo de Interna\u00e7\u00e3o e Total de \u00d3bitos","volume":"11","author":"Silva","year":"2021","journal-title":"Rev. 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Opin."}],"container-title":["Life"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-1729\/15\/4\/540\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T17:00:21Z","timestamp":1760029221000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-1729\/15\/4\/540"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,26]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]}},"alternative-id":["life15040540"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/life15040540","relation":{},"ISSN":["2075-1729"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2075-1729","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,26]]}}}