{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T20:48:59Z","timestamp":1791319739077,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,15]],"date-time":"2025-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747267200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Union\u2014NextGenerationEU-National Recovery and Resilience Plan, Mission 4 Component 2-Investment 1.5-THE-Tuscany Health Ecosystem","award":["B83C22003920001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["B83C22003920001"]}]},{"name":"European Union\u2014NextGenerationEU-National Recovery and Resilience Plan, Mission 4 Component 2-Investment 1.5-THE-Tuscany Health Ecosystem","award":["project 381 PRIN-PNRR P2022FA79R"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["project 381 PRIN-PNRR P2022FA79R"]}]},{"name":"the Italian Ministry of University","award":["B83C22003920001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["B83C22003920001"]}]},{"name":"the Italian Ministry of University","award":["project 381 PRIN-PNRR P2022FA79R"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["project 381 PRIN-PNRR P2022FA79R"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Life"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Sperm preparation is a critical step in assisted reproduction, aiming to isolate spermatozoa with optimal characteristics and high fertilizing potential. Traditional sperm selection methods involve centrifugation, which may cause sperm damage. Microfluidic sperm sorting (MSS) offers an alternative approach, mimicking the female reproductive tract environment, avoiding centrifugation, and reducing manipulation and processing time. This study aims to compare the performance of MSS and Swim-up (SU) in 26 normozoospermic, 31 hyperviscous normozoospermic, 15 oligozoospermic, and 9 asthenozoospermic subjects. Semen samples were collected from male subjects undergoing routine semen analysis at Careggi University Hospital, Florence. Sperm selection was carried out using both SU and MSS. The parameters assessed included sperm motility, viability, concentration, kinematics, DNA fragmentation (sDF), chromatin compaction, and oxidative status. Both SU and MSS improved sperm characteristics compared to unselected samples. MSS isolated high-quality spermatozoa with lower sDF and higher chromatin compaction than SU, not only in normozoospermic samples but also in samples with semen defects like hyperviscosity, low concentration and\/or motility, and high sDF. In conclusion, the use of microfluidics may enhance the chances of successful fertilization and improve reproductive outcomes, especially for individuals with compromised semen quality where conventional methods may fail.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life15050790","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,15]],"date-time":"2025-05-15T06:59:16Z","timestamp":1747292356000},"page":"790","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Microfluidic Sorting Can Be Applied for Assisted Reproduction Sperm Selection in Different Cases of Semen Abnormalities"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Giulia","family":"Traini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences \u201cMario Serio\u201d, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Emanuela","family":"Ragosta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences \u201cMario Serio\u201d, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lara","family":"Tamburrino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Andrology, Women\u2019s Endocrinology and Gender Incongruence Unit, Center for Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Infertility, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alice","family":"Papini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences \u201cMario Serio\u201d, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Cipriani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences \u201cMario Serio\u201d, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy"},{"name":"Andrology, Women\u2019s Endocrinology and Gender Incongruence Unit, Center for Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Infertility, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy"},{"name":"Aware Fertility Unit, AUSL Toscana Centro, 50122 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0907-0630","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Linda","family":"Vignozzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences \u201cMario Serio\u201d, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy"},{"name":"Andrology, Women\u2019s Endocrinology and Gender Incongruence Unit, Center for Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Infertility, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1808-3097","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisabetta","family":"Baldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1057-8626","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Marchiani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences \u201cMario Serio\u201d, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13725","DOI":"10.1111\/and.13725","article-title":"Sperm selection strategies and their impact on assisted reproductive technology outcomes","volume":"53","author":"Pinto","year":"2021","journal-title":"Andrologia"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1038\/s41585-021-00530-9","article-title":"Simulating nature in sperm selection for assisted reproduction","volume":"19","author":"Leung","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. 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