{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T03:57:01Z","timestamp":1777953421855,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,20]],"date-time":"2025-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747699200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"NSTC 113-2314-B-039-047","award":["NSTC 113-2314-B-039-047"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSTC 113-2314-B-039-047"]}]},{"name":"CMUHCH-CMU-113-003","award":["CMUHCH-CMU-113-003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMUHCH-CMU-113-003"]}]},{"name":"CMUHCH-DRM-113-025","award":["CMUHCH-DRM-113-025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMUHCH-DRM-113-025"]}]},{"name":"CMU113-ASIA-15","award":["CMU113-ASIA-15"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMU113-ASIA-15"]}]},{"name":"Chinese Medicine Research Center","award":["Chinese Medicine Research Center"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Chinese Medicine Research Center"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Life"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Fibromyalgia, one of the most challenging pains to treat, lacks impartial considerations for diagnosis and useful assessment. The core symptoms are persistent extensive pain accompanied by fatigue, psychological disorders, sleep disturbance, and obesity. This study aims to explore the role of cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) on transient receptor potential V1 (TRPV1) signaling pathways in a mouse model of fibromyalgia. This model was subjected to intermittent cold stress (ICS) to induce fibromyalgia, as measured by the nociceptive behavior determined by von Frey and Hargreaves\u2019 tests. Our results showed a lower mechanical threshold (2.32 \u00b1 0.12 g) and thermal latency (4.14 \u00b1 0.26 s) in ICS-induced fibromyalgia mice. The hyperalgesia could be alleviated by 2 Hz electroacupuncture (EA) or by TRPV1 knockout. We found decreased CB1 receptors, upregulated TRPV1, and related kinases in the dorsal root ganglion, spinal cord, hypothalamus, and periaqueductal gray in fibromyalgia mice. EA reversed these effects associated with fibromyalgia, aligning with observations in Trpv1\u2212\/\u2212 mice. Peripheral acupoint or the intracerebral ventricle injection of a CB1 agonist significantly attenuated mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia. The EA analgesic effect was reversed by a CB1 antagonist injection, suggesting the involvement of the CB1 signaling pathway. The accurate chemogenetic activation of paraventricular nucleus (PVN), which is a structure of the hypothalamus, initiated fibromyalgia pain. The chemogenetic inhibition of PVN attenuated fibromyalgia pain via the downregulation of TRPV1 pathway. Our discoveries shed light on the involvement of CB1 in the TRPV1 signaling pathway in the effects of EA in fibromyalgia, suggesting its potential as a treatment target.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life15050819","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,20]],"date-time":"2025-05-20T11:50:31Z","timestamp":1747741831000},"page":"819","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Accurate Chemogenetics Determines Electroacupuncture Analgesia Through Increased CB1 to Suppress the TRPV1 Pathway in a Mouse Model of Fibromyalgia"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Huan-Chin","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Chinese Medicine, Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, China Medical University, Taichung 404328, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Feng Yuan Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taichung 420255, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hi-Joon","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Acupuncture and Meridian Science Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hsien-Yin","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Chinese Medicine, School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404328, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kai-Ting","family":"Chuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hsinchu Hospital, China Medical University, Hsinchu 302056, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7204-8837","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi-Wen","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Chinese Medicine, Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, China Medical University, Taichung 404328, Taiwan"},{"name":"Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung 404328, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gyorfi, M., Rupp, A., and Abd-Elsayed, A. 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