{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T01:23:07Z","timestamp":1778808187284,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,5]],"date-time":"2025-07-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751673600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Life"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: A breast hamartoma or fibroadenolipoma is a rare, benign mass consisting of disorganized mature breast tissue elements. Surgical excision is recommended if the lesion exhibits rapid progressive growth. However, incomplete excision may result in recurrence. The objective of this study is to provide comprehensive insights into the characteristics of breast hamartomas and to conduct a thorough investigation into their clinical presentation, diagnostic procedures, and management strategies. Methods: We report on 13 cases of breast hamartomas treated surgically between January 2018 and June 2023 at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital \u201cCuza Vod\u0103\u201d in Ia\u0219i. We analyzed their histological images and immunohistochemical evaluations. Results: The mean age of the patients was 33.35 years, ranging from 22 to 57 years. Clinically, all patients presented with a painless mass. The diagnosis was confirmed through ultrasound examination, which revealed that hamartomas appeared as well-circumscribed, oval, and heterogeneous in echotexture. The tumor sizes ranged from 1 to 17 cm, with an average size of 6.75 cm. Surgical treatment involved lumpectomy with the excision of a small portion of normal tissue surrounding the tumor. The histological variability of these tumors poses diagnostic challenges for pathologists, potentially leading to underdiagnosis. Conclusions: Most hamartomas exhibit characteristic features on ultrasound attributable to their fibrous, glandular, and adipose tissue composition. Accurate identification of hamartomas is crucial due to the potential for recurrence. Notably, none of the women in our study experienced recurrence during the follow-up period.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life15071076","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,7]],"date-time":"2025-07-07T02:53:07Z","timestamp":1751856787000},"page":"1076","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Uncommon but Important: Tertiary Center Experience with Rare Cases of Breast Hamartoma"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Mihaela Camelia","family":"T\u00eernovanu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mother and Child Medicine, \u201cGrigore. T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bogdan Florin","family":"Toma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Morphofunctional Sciences I, \u201cGrigore. T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7859-840X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena","family":"Cojocaru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Morphofunctional Sciences I, \u201cGrigore. T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3018-8011","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena","family":"\u021aarc\u0103","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery II, \u201cGrigore. T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-2624-8890","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u0218tefan Drago\u0219","family":"T\u00eernovanu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery II, \u201cGrigore. T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vlad Gabriel","family":"T\u00eernovanu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. Josef Hospital, 65189 Wiesbaden, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cristian","family":"M\u00e2r\u021bu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ENT Clinic Department, \u201cGrigore. T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7386-0859","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roxana Ana","family":"Covali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Bioscience, Faculty of Bioengineering, \u201cGrigore. T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anca Irina","family":"Gradinariu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, \u201cGrigore. T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700511 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabriela","family":"Ghiga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mother and Child Medicine, \u201cGrigore. T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3994-6579","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ludmila","family":"Lozneanu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Morphofunctional Sciences I, \u201cGrigore. T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Agarwal, I., Blanco, L., and Hamartoma (2023, June 16). PathologyOutlines.com Website. Available online: https:\/\/www.pathologyoutlines.com\/topic\/breasthamartoma.html."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"221","article-title":"Pseudoadenome, adenome und mastome der weiblichen brustdr\u00fcse; studien f\u00fcr die entstehung umschriebener adenom-\u00e4hnlicher herde in der mamma und f\u00fcr die nachahmung der brustdr\u00fcsengewebes durch echte adenome und fibroadenome","volume":"81","author":"Pyrm","year":"1928","journal-title":"Beitr Pathol Anat Pathol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1699-0463.1968.tb00489.x","article-title":"Three cases of pastlactational breast tumour of peculiar type","volume":"73","author":"Hogamen","year":"1968","journal-title":"Acta Pathol. Microbiol. Scand."},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"577","article-title":"The identification and treatment of mammary hamartoma","volume":"133","author":"Arrigoni","year":"1971","journal-title":"Surg. Gynecol. Obstet."},{"key":"ref_5","unstructured":"WHO Classification of Tumours Editorial Board (2020). Tumors of the Ovary. Female Genital Tumours, International Agency for Research on Cancer. [5th ed.]."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Su, H., Bai, C., Fan, Z., Wu, D., and Qu, F. (2025). The diagnosis and treatment of 56 cases of breast hamartoma: A single-center analysis and a review of the literature. Front. Med, 11.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2024.1494768"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2559.2002.01429.x","article-title":"Breast hamartomas: Clinicopathological and immunohistochemical studies of 24 cases","volume":"41","author":"Herbert","year":"2002","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.4274\/ejbh.galenos.2021.2021-3-6","article-title":"Breast Hamartoma: Clinical, Radiological, and Histopathological Evaluation","volume":"17","author":"Arslan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. J. Breast Health"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2021.03.006","article-title":"Incidental Breast Findings on Computed Tomography and MR Imaging","volume":"59","author":"Asch","year":"2021","journal-title":"Radiol. Clin. North Am."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7819-10-12","article-title":"Myoid hamartoma of the breast that proved difficult to diagnose: A case report","volume":"10","author":"Mizuta","year":"2012","journal-title":"World J. Surg. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.4103\/jcrt.jcrt_2154_22","article-title":"Giant Myoid mammary hamartoma: A case report","volume":"20","author":"Palo","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Cancer Res. Ther."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1111\/his.14544","article-title":"Breast hamartoma: Reassessment of an under-recognised breast lesion","volume":"80","author":"Alran","year":"2022","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1111\/pin.12248","article-title":"The significance of combined CK5\/6 and p63 immunohistochemistry in predicting the risks of subsequent carcinoma development in intraductal papilloma of the breast","volume":"65","author":"Yang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pathol Int."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.5152\/ejbh.2019.4709","article-title":"Phyllodes Tumor of the Breast: A Clinicopathological Evaluation of 55 Cases","volume":"16","author":"Hasdemir","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J. Breast Health"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3719","DOI":"10.3892\/ol.2015.3794","article-title":"Giant breast hamartoma in a 41-year-old female: A case report and literature review","volume":"10","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Oncol. Lett."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jus.2012.06.009","article-title":"Breast elastography: A literature review","volume":"15","author":"Goddi","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Ultrasound"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.55.12.951","article-title":"Hamartoma of the breast: A clinicopathological review","volume":"55","author":"Tse","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Clin. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2714","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radcr.2020.10.015","article-title":"Breast hamartoma: Unusual radiological presentation","volume":"15","author":"Mohamed","year":"2020","journal-title":"Radiol. Case Rep."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1007\/s40134-018-0266-8","article-title":"BI-RADS 3: Current and Future Use of Probably Benign","volume":"6","author":"Lee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Radiol Rep."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.21873\/cgp.20158","article-title":"Genetic Characterization of Myoid Hamartoma of the Breast","volume":"16","author":"Panagopoulos","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancer Genom. Proteom."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910370103","article-title":"Estrogen and progesterone receptors in benign breast tumors and lesions: Relationship with histological and cytological features","volume":"37","author":"Giani","year":"1986","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijscr.2016.03.007","article-title":"Breast hamartoma: A report of 14 cases of an under-recognized and under-reported entity","volume":"22","author":"Amir","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Surg. Case Rep."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Revathidevi, S., Hosomichi, K., Natsume, T., Nakaoka, H., Fujito, N.T., Akatsuka, H., Sato, T., Munirajan, A.K., and Inoue, I. (2022). AMBRA1 p.Gln30Arg Mutation, Identified in a Cowden Syndrome Family, Exhibits Hyperproliferative Potential in hTERT-RPE1 Cells. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 23.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms231911124"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mpdhp.2017.03.014","article-title":"Breast diseases associated with systemic medical disorders. Mini-Symposium: Pathology of Benign Breast Disease","volume":"23","author":"Nomikos","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diagn. Histopathol."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2004.01.001","article-title":"Haploinsufficiency for tumour suppressor genes: When you don\u2019t need to go all the way","volume":"1654","author":"Santarosa","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta Rev. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_26","unstructured":"Adam, M.P., Feldman, J., and Mirzaa, G.M. (2025, July 04). PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome, GeneReviews\u00ae [Internet], Available online: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK1488\/."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Muthuramalingam, M.R., and Muraleedharan, V.R. (2023). Patterns in the prevalence and wealth-based inequality of cervical cancer screening in India. BMC Womens Health., 23.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-023-02504-y"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"\u021aarc\u0103, V., \u021aarc\u0103, E., and Luca, F.A. (2022). The Impact of the Main Negative Socio-Economic Factors on Female Fertility. Healthcare, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare10040734"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1524-4741.2001.007002101.x","article-title":"Hamartomas of the breast: Clinical, radiologic, and pathologic manifestations","volume":"7","author":"Sebo","year":"2001","journal-title":"Breast. J."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.5812\/iranjradiol.4492","article-title":"Breast hamartoma: Mammographic findings","volume":"8","author":"Farrokh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Iran J. Radiol."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jus.2011.03.002","article-title":"Benign breast lesions: Ultrasound","volume":"14","author":"Masciadri","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Ultrasound"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1007\/s40477-015-0175-0","article-title":"Breast hamartoma: Ultrasound, elastosonographic, and mammographic features. Mini pictorial essay","volume":"18","author":"Presazzi","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Ultrasound"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.3233\/BD-140379","article-title":"Integrated imaging of breast hamartoma: Two case reports","volume":"35","author":"Cucci","year":"2015","journal-title":"Breast Dis."},{"key":"ref_34","unstructured":"Siegelman, E.S. (2005). Chapter 10\u2013MRI of the Breast. Body MRI, W.B. Saunders."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.6061\/clinics\/2014(08)03","article-title":"Breast hamartoma: A clinicopathologic analysis of 27 cases and a literature review","volume":"69","author":"Sevim","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clinics"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-015-3665-z","article-title":"Breast cancer risk and clinical implications for germline PTEN mutation carriers","volume":"165","author":"Ngeow","year":"2017","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res. Treat."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.3348\/kjr.2010.11.6.687","article-title":"Invasive ductal carcinoma in a mammary hamartoma: Case report and review of the literature","volume":"11","author":"Nami","year":"2010","journal-title":"Korean J. Radiol."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1159\/000507604","article-title":"A Giant Mammary Hamartoma in a Young Breast Cancer Patient","volume":"16","author":"Rumpf","year":"2021","journal-title":"Breast Care"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.2147\/IJWH.S374444","article-title":"Diagnosis Difficulties and Minimally Invasive Treatment for Ovarian Masses in Adolescents","volume":"14","author":"Tarca","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Womens Health"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e11723","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2022.e11723","article-title":"Clinical management of myoid hamartomas of the breast: A case report and literature review","volume":"8","author":"Aminpour","year":"2022","journal-title":"Heliyon"}],"container-title":["Life"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-1729\/15\/7\/1076\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T18:05:03Z","timestamp":1760033103000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-1729\/15\/7\/1076"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,5]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}},"alternative-id":["life15071076"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/life15071076","relation":{},"ISSN":["2075-1729"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2075-1729","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,5]]}}}