{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:34:59Z","timestamp":1760060099502,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Life"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Haemophilic arthropathy is caused by repeated joint bleeding episodes, primarily affecting knees, ankles and elbows. Conservative options should be considered prior to surgery, as well as postural evaluation, since any functional overload promotes the development of new bleeding. The aim of this study is to verify the use of foot orthoses in combination with postural rehabilitation, assessing the incidence of spontaneous haemarthroses and haematomas. In total, 15 patients were enrolled and randomly divided into two groups: 8 in group A, composed of patients who were prescribed foot orthoses and a 20-session rehabilitation program, and 7 in group B, composed of patients who were instructed to use foot orthoses only. All patients were evaluated at baseline (T0), at 3 months (T1\u2014end of the rehabilitation program), and at 12 months (T2), using the following scales: Functional Independence Score in Haemophilia (FISH), Haemophilia Joint Health Score (HJHS) and Numerical Rating Scale (NRS). During the 12 months between the first and the last assessment, no patient in group A developed hemarthroses or hematomas, while one case of hemarthrosis was recorded in group B. The HJHS improved significantly (\u22640.05) in group A at both T1 and T2, while in group B it improved significantly only in T2. As for FISH, it showed significant improvements in both groups at T1 and T2. NRS showed a significant reduction only at T2 in both groups (p-value T0\u2013T1 0.3 in group A e 0.8 in group B). No patient reported any adverse effects from the use of orthotic insoles. The combination of postural rehabilitation, the use of foot orthoses and pharmacological prophylaxis could improve functioning and joint status in patients affected by haemophilic arthopathy, delaying or preventing new hemarthroses by improving the distribution of joint loads and the modification of musculoskeletal system\u2019s characteristics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life15081217","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T06:37:47Z","timestamp":1754030267000},"page":"1217","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Role of Postural Assessment, Therapeutic Exercise and Foot Orthoses in Haemophilic Arthropathy: A Pilot Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5035-2288","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dalila","family":"Scaturro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Precision Medicine in the Medical, Surgical and Critical Care Areas, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sofia","family":"Tomasello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Villa Delle Ginestre, Palermo Provincial Health Authority, 90146 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Caruso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Isabella","family":"Picone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Ammendolia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro \u201cMagna Graecia\u201d, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy"},{"name":"Research Center on Musculoskeletal Health, MusculoSkeletalHealth@UMG, University of Catanzaro \u201cMagna Graecia\u201d, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5541-8346","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessandro","family":"de Sire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro \u201cMagna Graecia\u201d, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy"},{"name":"Research Center on Musculoskeletal Health, MusculoSkeletalHealth@UMG, University of Catanzaro \u201cMagna Graecia\u201d, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"Letizia Mauro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Precision Medicine in the Medical, Surgical and Critical Care Areas, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1447","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)61139-2","article-title":"Modern haemophilia care","volume":"379","author":"Berntorp","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Jameson, J.L., and Loscalzo, J. 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