{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T16:01:39Z","timestamp":1789833699500,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,11]],"date-time":"2025-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754870400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Life"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Blood flow restriction (BFR) training, first introduced by Dr. Yoshiaki Sato as KAATSU, has attracted increasing interest in sports science. Although the BFR training method has several additional benefits, the way occlusion pressure is identified contributes to BFR usability and safety. This study aims to develop and validate a predictive model for estimating individualized LOP with manual technique by examining the influence of blood pressure, fat percentage, limb circumference, and BMI as independent variables. A total of 158 healthy male adults participated in the study. Subjects with cardiovascular, metabolic, or musculoskeletal disorders, as well as those using supplements, medications, or nicotine, were excluded from the study. The cross-sectional study examined the correlation between the variables and derived a regression equation for predicting the corresponding LOP and anthropometric values. Three measurements were taken and the arithmetic mean was calculated from these measurements. It is evident that body mass index (BMI) emerged as a significant contributing factor in predicting limb occlusion pressure (LOP), outpacing traditional anthropometric variables such as limb circumference or body fat percentage. The regression model accounted for 18% of the variance in LOP (R2 = 0.18), with a standard error of estimate (SEE) of 20.5 mmHg, suggesting moderate predictive capacity. Future work should investigate vascular factors and technological development in BFR devices for optimal pressure calibration to improve the efficacy of individualized BFR training.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life15081267","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,11]],"date-time":"2025-08-11T08:10:32Z","timestamp":1754899832000},"page":"1267","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Methodological Approach to Predicting Lower Limb Blood Flow Restriction Pressure Using Anthropometry and Hemodynamics"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7598-3927","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Onur Mutlu","family":"Ya\u015far","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Izmir Demokrasi University, Izmir 35140, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Veli Volkan","family":"G\u00fcrses","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Sport Sciences, Band\u0131rma University, Bal\u0131kesir 10200, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3143-5982","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali Erdem","family":"Ci\u011ferci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Sports Sciences, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu 37100, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00d6zkan","family":"G\u00fcler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Sports Sciences, Ankara University, Ankara 06830, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4050-6482","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Murat","family":"Tur\u011fut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sinop University, Sinop 57000, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"O\u011fuz","family":"G\u00fcrkan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Sport Sciences, Yozgat University, Yozgat 66000, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mustafa","family":"Ba\u015f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul 34744, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4376-7434","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Serhat","family":"\u00d6zdenk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sinop University, Sinop 57000, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatma Ne\u015fe","family":"\u015eahin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Sports Sciences, Ankara University, Ankara 06830, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3045-1211","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Levent","family":"Ceylan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Sport Sciences, Hitit University, Corum 19030, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9912-9909","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hamza","family":"K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yasar Dogu Faculty of Sport Sciences, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun 55200, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"930","DOI":"10.1111\/cpf.12512","article-title":"Effects of blood flow restriction exercises on bone metabolism: A systematic review","volume":"38","author":"Bittar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. 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