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Rhizosphere soil of P. notoginseng was subjected to non-targeted metabolomics and microbiome sequencing for detection and analysis. Relative to the control, P. notoginseng treated with liquid and solid fermentates exhibited increases in plant height (3.5% and 0.7%), chlorophyll content (23.4% and 20.4%), and total saponin content (14.6% and 17.0%), respectively. Non-targeted metabolomics identified 3855 metabolites across 23 classes, with amino acids and their derivatives (21.54%) and benzene derivatives (14.21%) as the primary components. The significantly altered metabolic pathways shared by the two treatment groups included ABC transporters, purine metabolism, and the biosynthesis of various other secondary metabolites. Exogenous addition of S. terrestris significantly affected the composition of the rhizosphere soil microbial community of P. notoginseng and increased the relative abundance of genera such as Bradyrhizobium. In conclusion, the endophytic fungus S. terrestris enhances P. notoginseng growth and modulates both rhizosphere soil metabolites and microbial abundance. This study can provide certain data support for research on endophytic fungi of P. notoginseng.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life15091353","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]],"date-time":"2025-08-27T08:19:32Z","timestamp":1756282772000},"page":"1353","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Effects of Endophytic Fungus Setophoma terrestris on Growth of Panax notoginseng and Its Rhizosphere Soil Microorganisms"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Huali","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture Sciences, Southwest Forestry University Sciences, Kunming 650224, China"},{"name":"Yunnan Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-6011-9478","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jian","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture Sciences, Southwest Forestry University Sciences, Kunming 650224, China"},{"name":"Yunnan Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yajiao","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture Sciences, Southwest Forestry University Sciences, Kunming 650224, China"},{"name":"Yunnan Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengyao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture Sciences, Southwest Forestry University Sciences, Kunming 650224, China"},{"name":"Yunnan Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuwen","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture Sciences, Southwest Forestry University Sciences, Kunming 650224, China"},{"name":"Yunnan Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yunqiang","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of In-forest Resource, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junjia","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of In-forest Resource, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mancuso, C. 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