{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:42:18Z","timestamp":1760060538426,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,6]],"date-time":"2025-09-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757116800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Medical University of Silesia in Poland","award":["BNW-1-105\/N\/5\/K"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BNW-1-105\/N\/5\/K"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Life"],"abstract":"<jats:p>(1). Background: Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) is a method of extracorporeal plasma filtration designed to remove immunoglobulins and pro-inflammatory factors as pathogenesis of numerous diseases. Procedures are performed in intensive care units (ICUs); however, the complications and treatment outcomes remain unclear. The aim of the study was to evaluate clinical outcomes and identify risk factors of complications associated with TPE. (2). Methods: In this multi-center, retrospective, 5-year cohort study, we analyzed a database of 56 adult ICU patients who had undergone TPE at two academic hospitals and one regional hospital. (3). Results: In our study, the median APACHE II was 7.5 IQR 12.5 (4\u201316.5) and SOFA score was 2 IQR 4 (1\u20135). In the multivariate analysis, the APACHE II (p = 0.043) and SOFA score (p = 0.046) were the predictors of prolonged length of stay. The SOFA score was a predictor of hospital-acquired infection (HAI) (p = 0.011). Multivariate logistic regression revealed age (p = 0.011), SOFA (p = 0.011), and APACHE II score (p = 0.032) as independent predictors of the development of shock as a TPE complication. (4). Conclusions: Our results suggest that the SOFA and APACHE II scores are significant predictors of the length of hospitalization and the occurrence of shock. In addition, the SOFA score was a predictor of HAI in patients treated TPE in ICU.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life15091406","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,8]],"date-time":"2025-09-08T08:06:32Z","timestamp":1757318792000},"page":"1406","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Therapeutic Plasma Exchange in Intensive Care Units\u2014A 5-Year Multicenter Retrospective Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-4782-1901","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daria","family":"Sygu\u0142a","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Scientific Society, Department of Lung Diseases and Tuberculosis, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Medyk\u00f3w 14 St., 40-752 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-5774-1758","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulina","family":"Kluszczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Scientific Society, Department of Lung Diseases and Tuberculosis, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Medyk\u00f3w 14 St., 40-752 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-6909-7523","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wiktor","family":"Wagner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Scientific Society, Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, School of Medicine with Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Plac Traugutta 2 St., 41-800 Zabrze, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Micha\u0142","family":"Krawiec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Scientific Society, University Department of Cardiac Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Plac Traugutta 2 St., 41-800 Zabrze, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5923-2469","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Szymon","family":"Bialka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Plac Traugutta 2 St., 41-800 Zabrze, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ewa","family":"Trejnowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Silesian Center for Heart Diseases in Zabrze, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Plac Traugutta 2 St., 41-800 Zabrze, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0716-6471","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Grzegorz","family":"Brozek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Medyk\u00f3w 14 St., 40-752 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6429-7638","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Magdalena","family":"Latos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Lung Diseases and Tuberculosis, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Plac Traugutta 2 St., 41-800 Zabrze, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pawe\u0142","family":"Dubik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Healthcare Center of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Administration Named After Sergeant Grzegorz Za\u0142oga, Wita Stwosza 39-41 St., 40-042 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Piotr","family":"Palaczynski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Plac Traugutta 2 St., 41-800 Zabrze, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Piotr","family":"Knapik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Silesian Center for Heart Diseases in Zabrze, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Plac Traugutta 2 St., 41-800 Zabrze, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1796-7659","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Szymon","family":"Skoczy\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Lung Diseases and Tuberculosis, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Plac Traugutta 2 St., 41-800 Zabrze, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"100","article-title":"Plazmafereza w oddziale intensywnej terapii [Plasmapheresis in intensive therapy unit]","volume":"42","author":"Szczeklik","year":"2010","journal-title":"Anestezjol. 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