{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:44:05Z","timestamp":1760060645194,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]],"date-time":"2025-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757376000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Life"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Immune-effector-cell-associated hematotoxicity has emerged as the most common CAR-T-cell-related complication in the real-world setting. Therefore, transfusion of blood components remains unavoidable in many patients treated with CAR-T cells to alleviate symptomatic anemia and prevent major bleeding events. This study investigates predictive factors associated with the transfusion requirement in patients receiving anti-CD19 CAR-T-cell therapy for B-cell malignancies in a real-world setting and the potential correlation between transfusion needs, ICAHT, and long-term survival outcomes. Among 90 investigated patients, 51 (56.7%) received at least one transfusion in the three months post-infusion (33.4% received only RBC concentrates, and 23.4% received both RBC and platelet transfusions). The highest transfusion needs occurred in the first month post-infusion, with 50 transfused patients (55.5%). Early transfusion-requiring cytopenia was associated with pre-infusion altered bone marrow function, patients-related factors, including female sex, and acute inflammatory toxicities. The incidence of late cytopenia was mainly predicted by the need for pre-infusion transfusion support. Patients receiving platelet transfusions were characterized by an inferior progression-free (p = 0.013) and overall survival (p = 0.005). CAR-T-cell-treated patients can experience a high transfusion burden, impairing their quality of life, potentially affecting survival outcomes, and resulting in overutilization of clinical resources<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life15091419","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]],"date-time":"2025-09-09T12:15:17Z","timestamp":1757420117000},"page":"1419","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Deciphering the Complex Intertwining Between Cytopenia and Transfusion Needs After CAR-T-Cell Therapy for B-Cell Malignancies"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1614-5576","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudio","family":"Pellegrino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze di Laboratorio ed Ematologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u201cA. Gemelli\u201d IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Sezione di Ematologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Radiologiche ed Ematologiche, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eugenio","family":"Galli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze di Laboratorio ed Ematologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u201cA. Gemelli\u201d IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Sezione di Ematologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Radiologiche ed Ematologiche, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1355-1587","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrizia","family":"Chiusolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze di Laboratorio ed Ematologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u201cA. Gemelli\u201d IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Sezione di Ematologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Radiologiche ed Ematologiche, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rossella","family":"Ladiana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze di Laboratorio ed Ematologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u201cA. Gemelli\u201d IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Sezione di Ematologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Radiologiche ed Ematologiche, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7022-5366","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caterina Giovanna","family":"Valentini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze di Laboratorio ed Ematologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u201cA. Gemelli\u201d IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcello","family":"Viscovo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze di Laboratorio ed Ematologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u201cA. Gemelli\u201d IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Sezione di Ematologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Radiologiche ed Ematologiche, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Federica","family":"Sor\u00e0","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze di Laboratorio ed Ematologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u201cA. Gemelli\u201d IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Sezione di Ematologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Radiologiche ed Ematologiche, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2426-3465","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simona","family":"Sica","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze di Laboratorio ed Ematologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u201cA. Gemelli\u201d IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Sezione di Ematologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Radiologiche ed Ematologiche, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7214-1561","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luciana","family":"Teofili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze di Laboratorio ed Ematologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u201cA. Gemelli\u201d IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Sezione di Ematologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Radiologiche ed Ematologiche, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sharma, N., Reagan, P.M., and Liesveld, J.L. (2022). 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