{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:44:28Z","timestamp":1760060668284,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757548800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018818","name":"National Research, Development and Innovation Office","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NKFI-1 \u201cOTKA\u201d K-139184"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NKFI-1 \u201cOTKA\u201d K-139184"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018818","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"University of Debrecen Program for Scientific Publication (2024\u20132025)","award":["NKFI-1 \u201cOTKA\u201d K-139184"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NKFI-1 \u201cOTKA\u201d K-139184"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Life"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In reconstructive surgery, usage of different flaps is essential to cover tissue defects. Twisting, stretching or damaging the vascular pedicle may jeopardize the flaps\u2019 viability. The aim of our experiment was to monitor tissue perfusion parameters of local versus rotated musculocutaneous flaps. In rats, musculus cutaneus maximus-based muscle\u2013skin flaps were prepared bilaterally: one was sutured back to its original position, while the other flap was rotated to the ventral chest region (Flap group). In the Control group, flaps were not prepared. Tissue microcirculation was monitored intraoperatively, and on the 7th and 14th postoperative days. Blood samples were taken for testing hematological and hemorheological parameters. At the end of the observation period, biopsies were taken for biomechanical (tensile strengths) and histological investigations. We found that leukocyte and platelet counts significantly increased in the Flap group, while erythrocyte deformability decreased and aggregation increased. Although both local and rotated flaps survived and wound healing progressed well, in microcirculatory recordings, hypoperfusion and visible red blood cell aggregates were seen mostly in the rotated flaps. The rotated flaps were biomechanically weaker compared to local flaps or intact skin regions. This new model seems to be suitable for studying further flap pathophysiology focusing on tissue perfusion.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life15091424","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T07:51:46Z","timestamp":1757577106000},"page":"1424","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Following-Up Micro-Rheological and Microcirculatory Alterations During the Early Wound Healing Phase of Local and Rotated Musculocutaneous Flaps in Rats"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Gergo","family":"Kincses","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Moricz Zsigmond Str. 22, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-0100-9144","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laszlo Adam","family":"Fazekas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Operative Techniques and Surgical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Moricz Zsigmond Str. 22, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-2898-2396","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adam","family":"Varga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Operative Techniques and Surgical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Moricz Zsigmond Str. 22, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-8550-6530","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adam Attila","family":"Matrai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Operative Techniques and Surgical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Moricz Zsigmond Str. 22, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nguyen Xuan","family":"Loc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Operative Techniques and Surgical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Moricz Zsigmond Str. 22, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kincso","family":"Barabasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Operative Techniques and Surgical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Moricz Zsigmond Str. 22, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna Orsolya","family":"Flasko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei Str. 98., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0489-5676","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tamas","family":"Juhasz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embriology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei Str. 98., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abel","family":"Molnar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei Str. 98., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1162-3778","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Norbert","family":"Nemeth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Operative Techniques and Surgical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Moricz Zsigmond Str. 22, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1597","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2009.10.015","article-title":"One Hundred Cases of Abdominal-Based Free Flaps in Breast Reconstruction. 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