{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:53:02Z","timestamp":1787028782371,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760572800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Union","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["760008\/30.12.2022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["760008\/30.12.2022"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Life"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Dirofilariosis, a parasitic disease caused by nematodes of the genus Dirofilaria, primarily affects dogs but can also infect other carnivores and, more rarely, humans. In Europe, the most commonly involved species are D. immitis and D. repens, transmitted through the bites of mosquito vectors. This study, conducted in Tulcea County between April and October 2024, aimed to determine the prevalence of D. immitis and D. repens in mosquitoes. A total of 1507 mosquitoes were collected and grouped into 76 pools, and subsequently molecular analysis was carried out using qPCR. The estimated infection rate (EIR) was calculated using statistical methods available in the \u2018binGroup\u2019 package in R, which allow the determination of the point estimate and confidence interval (CI) for a single binomial proportion in group testing. The study revealed a high infection rate with D. immitis (48%), while D. repens was identified in only two pools. The species with the highest vector potential was Anopheles maculipennis (PTP = 75%, EIR = 0.1168 with both Dirofilaria species), followed by Aedes vexans. Notably, Aedes albopictus was identified for the first time in Tulcea, and all individuals were positive for D. immitis. Simulations of local thermal conditions using the proposed model show that the favorable time window for mosquitoes will increase until 2100. Our results indicate an established and active transmission cycle of D. immitis in the region, a situation projected to intensify with climate change requiring urgent monitoring.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life15101612","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T12:17:02Z","timestamp":1760617022000},"page":"1612","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Circulation of Dirofilaria immitis and Dirofilaria repens Species in Mosquitoes in the Southeastern Part of Romania, Under the Influence of Climate Change"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0160-4397","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Larisa","family":"Iv\u0103nescu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departament Clinics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, \u201cIon Ionescu de la Brad\u201d Iasi University of Life Sciences, 700490 Ia\u0219i, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7097-479X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raluca","family":"M\u00eendru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departament Clinics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, \u201cIon Ionescu de la Brad\u201d Iasi University of Life Sciences, 700490 Ia\u0219i, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6402-6387","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilie","family":"Bodale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departament Exact Sciences, Faculty of Horticulture, \u201cIon Ionescu de la Brad\u201d Iasi University of Life Sciences, 700490 Ia\u0219i, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0928-8584","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriela-Victoria","family":"Apopei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departament Clinics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, \u201cIon Ionescu de la Brad\u201d Iasi University of Life Sciences, 700490 Ia\u0219i, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lavinia","family":"Andronic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departament Clinics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, \u201cIon Ionescu de la Brad\u201d Iasi University of Life Sciences, 700490 Ia\u0219i, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Smaranda","family":"Hristodorescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine and Interdisciplinarity, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cGrigore T. 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Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Farmacy, 700115 Ia\u0219i, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liviu","family":"Miron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departament Clinics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, \u201cIon Ionescu de la Brad\u201d Iasi University of Life Sciences, 700490 Ia\u0219i, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108995","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2019.108995","article-title":"The prevalence of Dirofilaria immitis and D. repens in the Old World","volume":"280","author":"Genchi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Vet. 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