{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T16:01:55Z","timestamp":1792425715949,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761523200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Life"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Oropouche virus (OROV), an emerging arbovirus of the Peribunyaviridae family, is responsible for acute febrile illness and, in some cases, neurological or hemorrhagic complications. Although traditionally confined to tropical areas of Central and South America, the 2024\u20132025 epidemic has signaled a major shift in its geographic and clinical profile, with sustained transmission in the Caribbean, over 15,000 confirmed cases, and the first imported infections reported in Europe and the United States. New clinical observations include fatalities in previously healthy adults, suspected vertical transmission with adverse fetal outcomes, and potential sexual transmission. Despite entomological data indicating low competence of European mosquito species and the absence of the main vector Culicoides paraensis, the increasing frequency of imported cases underscores the need for continued vigilance. Diagnostic limitations and clinical overlap with other arboviruses further complicate early detection. This review summarizes current knowledge on OROV\u2019s epidemiology, transmission dynamics, and clinical features, and highlights the urgent need for integrated surveillance, diagnostic readiness, and coordinated research efforts. Emphasis is placed on Europe\u2019s preparedness strategies, with Italy\u2019s Jubilee 2025 offering a real-world case study for managing arboviral threats during mass gatherings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life15111674","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T11:47:19Z","timestamp":1761652039000},"page":"1674","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Oropouche Virus: An Emerging Arboviral Threat and Its Implications for Europe"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Gaetano","family":"Scotto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Unit, University Hospital \u201cOORR\u201d Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincenzina","family":"Fazio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Virology Unit, University Hospital \u201cOORR\u201d Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2186-9621","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Salvatore","family":"Massa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agriculture, Food, Natural Resource and Engineering, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2009.10.008","article-title":"Present and future arboviral threats","volume":"85","author":"Weaver","year":"2010","journal-title":"Antivir. 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