{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T21:22:37Z","timestamp":1792790557253,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763510400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the statutory funding from the Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Life"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Testicular tumors are, after skin tumors, the most common neoplasms in male dogs. Among all animals, these tumors occur most frequently within dogs. The etiology remains unclear, although the ectopic (non-scrotal) positioning of the testicles has an influence on tumor development. The most common types of testicular tumors include seminomas, Sertoli cell tumors, and interstitial (Leydig) cell tumors. The aim of this study was a retrospective evaluation of preserved material. A total of 326 cases of testicular tumors in dogs, diagnosed between 2017 and 2024, were analyzed. A histological analysis of multiple unilateral testicular tumors was conducted, and the frequency of occurrence was determined. 27 instances (8.28%) of multiple tumors within the same testicle were identified. The most recurrent combination was seminoma and interstitial cell tumors\u201412 cases (44.44%), followed by Sertoli cell and Leydig cell tumors\u20146 cases (22.22%), and seminoma and Sertoli cell tumors\u20146 cases (22.22%). In three cases, the presence of three tumors within a single testicle was observed (11.11%). In one case, double tumors were found within both testicles. It was observed that malignant features, as in cases of single testicular tumors, are rare.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life15111772","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T10:02:13Z","timestamp":1763546533000},"page":"1772","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Histological Analysis of Multiple Unilateral Testicular Tumors in Dogs"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Miros\u0142aw","family":"Kuberka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Private Veterinary Clinic Kuberwet, Kazimierz Wlk Str. 3, 63-300 Pleszew, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3596-2990","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Przemys\u0142aw","family":"Prz\u0105dka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department and Clinic of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Grunwaldzki Square 51, 50-366 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7203-2392","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stanis\u0142aw","family":"Dzimira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwid Str. 31, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Baioni, E., Scanziani, E., Vincenti, M.C., Leschiera, M., Bozzetta, E., Pezzolato, M., Desiato, R., Bertolini, S., Maurella, C., and Ru, G. 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