{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T16:58:13Z","timestamp":1767200293534,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":134,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]],"date-time":"2025-12-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767052800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Life"],"abstract":"<jats:p>(1) Background: Cutaneous secondary malignant neoplasms are a growing survivorship burden after pediatric cancers and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), yet skin-focused surveillance remains inconsistently implemented. (2) Objective: To synthesize current molecular dermatology insights relevant to prevention, early detection, and treatment of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) in high-risk survivors, while anchoring the discussion in a detailed case of multiple BCCs after childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia and HSCT. (3) Methods: Narrative review integrating clinical, dermoscopic, molecular, and translational data from recent high-impact studies; case retained in full. (4) Results: Radiation exposure (especially total body irradiation), prior immunosuppression, and persistent immune dysregulation synergize with ultraviolet mutagenesis to create a \u201cfield cancerization\u201d state characterized by Hedgehog-pathway activation (Patched1\/Smoothened), impaired Deoxyribonucleic Acid damage response, and stromal remodeling. Dermoscopy, when embedded in routine whole-body examinations, markedly improves accuracy for keratinocyte cancers. Chemoprevention (e.g., nicotinamide) and targeted therapies (hedgehog inhibitors; Programmed Death-1 blockade) represent key translational levers for care innovation. (5) Conclusions: Integrating structured dermatologic surveillance with molecularly informed prevention and therapy should be standard in survivorship pathways for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation\/Radiotherapy-exposed patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life16010055","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T16:34:23Z","timestamp":1767198863000},"page":"55","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Multiple Basal Cell Carcinomas in a Long-Term Survivor of Childhood ALL and HSCT\u2014A Call for Dermatologic Vigilance"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2859-2066","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena","family":"Porumb-Andrese","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Str., 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8211-505X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriela","family":"Stoleriu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, \u201cDunarea de Jos\u201d University of Galati, 14 Domneasca Str., 800008 Galati, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonia Elena","family":"Hu\u021banu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Str., 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8011-7361","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristian","family":"M\u00e2r\u0163u","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Str., 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9838-836X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mihaela-Paula","family":"Toader","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Str., 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0891-4857","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vlad","family":"Porumb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Str., 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Colac-Bo\u021boc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Str., 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8147-3632","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ancu\u021ba","family":"Lupu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Str., 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9241-024X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriela","family":"Rusu-Zota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Str., 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8244-0522","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emil","family":"Anton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Str., 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-5954-1159","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daciana Elena","family":"Br\u0103ni\u0219teanu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Str., 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpt.2024.08.002","article-title":"Overview of skin cancer types and prevalence rates across continents","volume":"3","author":"Roky","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cancer Pathog. 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