{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T15:49:29Z","timestamp":1793116169342,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768867200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Drug Regulatory Science","award":["2025SKLDRS0349"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025SKLDRS0349"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Life"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is an innovative analytical technique that integrates chemical analysis with spatial localization, enabling label-free, in situ detection and visualization of diverse biomolecules within tissue sections. This review summarizes the recent advances in the application of MSI to neurological disorders, with a focus on Parkinson\u2019s disease, Alzheimer\u2019s disease, schizophrenia, and traumatic brain injury. Studies have demonstrated that MSI can delineate the spatial heterogeneity of disease-related molecules\u2014such as neurotransmitters, lipids, and metabolites\u2014thereby providing new perspectives for understanding the pathological mechanisms of neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases. Platforms including MALDI-MSI and DESI-MSI have been effectively employed for visualizing drug distribution, characterizing lipid metabolic pathways, and identifying spatial biomarkers. Although challenges remain in quantitative accuracy, spatial resolution, and the detection of low-abundance molecules, advances in high-resolution mass spectrometry, single-cell-level imaging, and multi-omics integration are expected to further enhance the utility of MSI in the investigation of brain diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life16010168","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T11:27:58Z","timestamp":1768908478000},"page":"168","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Research Progress on the Application of Mass Spectrometry Imaging Technology in Cerebral Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Yao","family":"Qiao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Drug Regulatory Science, Beijing 102629, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuyu","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lihui","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"04160","DOI":"10.7189\/jogh.13.04160","article-title":"Global, Regional, and National Burden of Neurological Disorders in 204 Countries and Territories Worldwide","volume":"13","author":"Huang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. 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