{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T16:14:20Z","timestamp":1785428060691,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Walailak University under the New Researcher Development scheme","award":["WU69203"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WU69203"]}]},{"award":["WU69203"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WU69203"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04b69g067","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Life"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer\u2019s, Parkinson\u2019s, and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) share common molecular pathways, including neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, which complicate the effectiveness of single-target treatments. Garcinia mangostana L. (mangosteen) has shown neuroprotective properties, but previous studies focused on lipophilic xanthones, which have poor bioavailability and uncertain blood\u2013brain barrier permeability. Methods: In the current study, polar metabolites from G. mangostana peel aqueous extract (GMPE) were assessed for potential multi-target interactions via UHPLC-QTOF-MS-based metabolomics, systems pharmacology, and molecular docking analysis. Further, in silico ADMET screening and network-based analyses assessed for overlap between GMPE compounds and genes associated with neurodegeneration (AD, PD, ALS). Results: Analysis of genes linked to AD, PD, and ALS revealed 121 common molecular targets influenced by GMPE metabolites. Network and enrichment analyses indicated that the compounds derived from GMPE may be involved in common pathways related to oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and neuronal survival. Molecular docking analyses suggest that selected metabolites are likely to exhibit moderate binding affinities to their respective protein targets. Conclusions: The results presented in this study provide evidence that GMPE may possess potential multi-target interactions within common neurodegenerative pathways. However, since the data are based on computational and predictive approaches, these results should be considered hypothesis-generating and warrant further experimental validation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life16040580","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T14:09:54Z","timestamp":1775138994000},"page":"580","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Mapping the Polar Neuro-Interactome of Garcinia mangostana Against the AD-PD-ALS Nexus"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-2261-341X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rahni","family":"Hossain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Technology International, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand"},{"name":"Research Excellence Center for Innovation and Health Product (RECIHP), Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9161-8567","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sirirat","family":"Surinkaew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Technology International, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand"},{"name":"Research Excellence Center for Innovation and Health Product (RECIHP), Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pradoldej","family":"Sompol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology & Nutritional Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4394-0126","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nasmah K.","family":"Bastaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, Kuwait City 13060, Kuwait"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rifat","family":"Jafrin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0630-0106","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nazim","family":"Sekeroglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Gaziantep University, 27310 Gaziantep, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4768-7829","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jitbanjong","family":"Tangpong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Technology International, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand"},{"name":"Research Excellence Center for Innovation and Health Product (RECIHP), Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-025-02145-7","article-title":"Antiageing strategy for neurodegenerative diseases: From mechanisms to clinical advances","volume":"10","author":"Jiang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. 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