{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T21:49:07Z","timestamp":1777758547751,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]],"date-time":"2026-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777075200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Life"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Purpose: To investigate the association between COVID-19 infection and the 1-year risk of acute urinary retention (AUR) and related urological complications in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTs). Materials and Methods: Using the TriNetX global network, patients with BPH and LUTs between January 2020 and January 2024 were identified. Participants were classified into a COVID-19 cohort (N = 32,948) and a non-COVID control cohort (N = 434,123). Propensity score matching (1:1) balanced demographics, comorbidities, medications, and laboratory parameters. The primary outcome was AUR within one year. Secondary outcomes included Foley catheterization, urinary tract infection (UTI), gross hematuria, bladder stones, and prostate-related surgery. Results: After matching, 32,918 patients remained in each cohort. The COVID-19 group showed a significantly higher 1-year incidence of AUR compared with controls (2.18% vs. 0.32%; aHR 6.89, 95% CI 5.62\u20138.45; p &lt; 0.0001). Increased risks were also observed for Foley catheterization (aHR 4.10), UTI (aHR 3.52), and prostate-related surgery (aHR 6.02). Kaplan\u2013Meier analysis demonstrated persistent divergence in AUR-free survival. Conclusion: COVID-19 infection is independently associated with a markedly increased risk of AUR and urological complications in patients with BPH, highlighting the need for closer post-infection monitoring.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life16050729","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T12:31:56Z","timestamp":1777465916000},"page":"729","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Elevated Risk of Acute Urine Retention in Patients with Symptomatic Benign Prostate Hyperplasia Following Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection: A Retrospective Cohort Study from TriNetX"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Jen-Chieh","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71004, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cheng-Hua","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3290-1909","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jheng-Yan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71004, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3984-6751","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wen-Hsin","family":"Tseng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71004, Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chien-Liang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Uro-Oncology, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71004, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steven K.","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71004, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Allen W.","family":"Chiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei 11008, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S11","DOI":"10.1038\/ijir.2008.55","article-title":"Pathology of benign prostatic hyperplasia","volume":"20","author":"Roehrborn","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int. 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