{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T10:05:10Z","timestamp":1784714710084,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784678400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Life"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Conventional endpoints may overlook pulmonary biological stress during abdominal mechanical loading and volume expansion. This controlled experimental study evaluated whether intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH), hypervolemia (HV), or their combination induces early pulmonary biochemical, permeability, oxidative\u2013ischemic, inflammatory, and structural responses, with particular focus on surfactant protein A1 (SP-A1). Thirty-five male Wistar rats were randomized to Sham, HV, IAH, or IAH + HV groups. IAH was induced by CO2 pneumoperitoneum at 12\u201315 mmHg, and HV by 6% hydroxyethyl starch infusion until hematocrit decreased to approximately 25%; animals were followed for 120 min. Physiological variables, blood gases, wet-to-dry ratio, ATS-based histopathology, and biomarkers in plasma, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, and lung tissue were assessed. The dominant finding was a compartment-specific SP-A1 response: plasma SP-A1 was highest in the IAH group, whereas BAL fluid SP-A1 increased in both HV and IAH groups. These changes occurred without significant alterations in MAP, HR, SpO2, wet-to-dry ratio, or ATS lung injury score. Permeability index was higher in HV-containing groups, and sialic acid and oxidative\u2013ischemic markers showed compartment-dependent changes, whereas TNF-\u03b1, IL-6, HA, and ANP did not differ significantly. These exploratory, hypothesis-generating findings suggest that SP-A1 may reveal early pulmonary epithelial\/barrier stress before overt physiological or structural injury becomes apparent.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life16071210","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T09:20:39Z","timestamp":1784712039000},"page":"1210","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Early Pulmonary Stress During Intra-Abdominal Hypertension and Hypervolemia: Surfactant Protein A1 and Multi-Compartment Biomarker Responses in Rats"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3489-6944","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mert","family":"Canbaz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul 34093, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1647-6479","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Halim","family":"Ulug\u00f6l","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, School of Medicine, Acibadem University, Istanbul 34752, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0289-0401","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"G\u00fcls\u00fcm","family":"Karduz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biology Department, Science Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul 34134, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K\u00fcbra","family":"Vardar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biology Department, Science Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul 34134, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mukadder","family":"Orhan Sungur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul 34093, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4985-562X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evren","family":"\u015eent\u00fcrk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Ko\u00e7 University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4134-3136","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"U\u011fur","family":"Aksu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biology Department, Science Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul 34134, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P\u0131nar","family":"F\u0131rat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Ko\u00e7 University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Perihan","family":"Ergin \u00d6zcan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul 34093, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7455-6648","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fevzi","family":"Toraman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, School of Medicine, Acibadem University, Istanbul 34752, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2373-6451","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mert","family":"\u015eent\u00fcrk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, School of Medicine, Acibadem University, Istanbul 34752, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"on behalf of the Istanbul Research and Education in Anesthesia NETwork (IREANETwork) Experimental Working Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jacobs, R., Wise, R.D., Myatchin, I., Vanhonacker, D., Minini, A., Mekeirele, M., Kirkpatrick, A.W., Pereira, B.M., Sugrue, M., and De Keulenaer, B. 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