{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T03:37:55Z","timestamp":1791517075151,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784764800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007288","name":"Mahasarakham University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007288","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0453j3c58","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Life"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Limestone habitats in Southeast Asia often harbour narrowly distributed plant diversity, and several limestone-associated taxa of Boesenbergia require further taxonomic documentation. Field surveys and ex situ observations of living material from Loei Province, northeastern Thailand, revealed a distinctive Boesenbergia population associated with shaded limestone microhabitats. This study evaluates this population using comparative morphology, herbarium and literature comparisons, phenetic analyses based on 25 selected morphological characters, and a preliminary conservation assessment. Boesenbergia lamudiae Boonma, Saensouk &amp; P.Saensouk, sp. nov., is described and illustrated. The species is morphologically most similar to B. burmanica Boonma, P.Saensouk &amp; Saensouk, and resembles B. rotunda sensu lato in having a terminal inflorescence enclosed within the leaf sheaths and lacking an androecial cup. It differs by its broadly elliptic to ovate-elliptic laminae with an arachnoid abaxial surface, maroon lanceolate bracts, longer pubescent calyx with an acute to acuminate apex, non-saccate obovate labellum with a sharply delimited maroon transverse colour zone, larger anther crest, longer epigynous glands, and pubescent ovary. Principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) and unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) clustering based on Gower distance separated B. lamudiae from all compared operational units, supporting its morphological distinctiveness. The species is currently known only from Nong Hin District and is provisionally assessed as Critically Endangered (CR) under criterion D.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life16081218","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T15:05:42Z","timestamp":1784819142000},"page":"1218","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Morphological and Phenetic Evidence Support the Recognition of a New Limestone-Dwelling Species of Boesenbergia Kuntze (Zingiberaceae) from Northeastern Thailand"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2324-4967","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thawatphong","family":"Boonma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Diversity of Family Zingiberaceae and Vascular Plant for Its Applications, Walai Rukhavej Botanical Research Institute, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44150, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9178-188X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Surapon","family":"Saensouk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diversity of Family Zingiberaceae and Vascular Plant for Its Applications, Walai Rukhavej Botanical Research Institute, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44150, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Piyaporn","family":"Saensouk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diversity of Family Zingiberaceae and Vascular Plant for Its Applications, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44150, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charun","family":"Maknoi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bureau of Research and Conservation, Queen Sirikit Botanic Garden, Botanical Garden Organization, Chiang Mai 50180, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suriya","family":"Phimpha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44150, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-7897-7198","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Prasert","family":"Ruannakarn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Educational Research and Development, Faculty of Education, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44000, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-9916-3169","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Win Paing","family":"Oo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Sustainability and Tourism, Ritsumeikan Asia Pacific University, 1-1 Jumonjibaru, Beppu 874-8577, Oita, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"POWO (2026, March 29). Plants of the World Online, Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available online: http:\/\/www.plantsoftheworldonline.org\/."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"186","article-title":"A new species of Boesenbergia and rediscovery of B. rotunda (Zingiberaceae) from India","volume":"197","author":"Aishwarya","year":"2015","journal-title":"Phytotaxa"},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"Larsen, K., Ibrahim, H., Khaw, S.H., and Saw, L.G. (1999). Gingers of Peninsular Malaysia and Singapore, Natural History Publications (Borneo)."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.11646\/phytotaxa.424.4.2","article-title":"A taxonomic revision of Chinese Boesenbergia (Zingiberaceae), with a new record","volume":"424","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Phytotaxa"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.3850\/S2382581216000090","article-title":"Boesenbergia siphonantha (Zingiberaceae)\u2014A new record for Thailand and Vietnam with notes on molecular phylogeny","volume":"68","author":"Mood","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gard. Bull. Singap."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6305","DOI":"10.13057\/biodiv\/d241154","article-title":"Rediscovery of the Zamboanga Peninsula endemic Boesenbergia longipetiolata (Ridl.) Merr. (Zingiberaceae) after over a century, including an amended description and an updated distribution","volume":"24","author":"Yongco","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biodiversitas J. Biol. Divers."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.13057\/biodiv\/d260147","article-title":"Two new records of Boesenbergia Kuntze (Zingibereae: Zingiberaceae) for the flora of Myanmar","volume":"26","author":"Saensouk","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biodiversitas J. Biol. Divers."},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"311","article-title":"Boesenbergia igorota (Zingiberaceae), a new species from the Cordillera Central Range, northern Philippines","volume":"67","author":"Alafag","year":"2022","journal-title":"Taiwania"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Saensouk, P., Saensouk, S., Boonma, T., Song, D., Maknoi, C., and Setyawan, A.D. (2025). Boesenbergia Kuntze (Zingiberaceae) in Cambodia: Four new records with notes on their potential horticultural significance, cultivation guidelines, and lectotypification of B. xiphostachya (Gagnep.) Loes. Horticulturae, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/horticulturae11020178"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1756-1051.1993.tb00048.x","article-title":"Boesenbergia tenuispicata (Zingiberaceae): A new species from Thailand","volume":"13","author":"Larsen","year":"1993","journal-title":"Nord. J. Bot."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Saensouk, P., Saensouk, S., Boonma, T., Htway, N.N., Oo, W.P., Naing, M.K., and Junsongduang, A. (2025). A New Species of Boesenbergia Kuntze (Zingiberaceae) from Myanmar, with Notes on Diversity, Utilization, Conservation, and Horticultural Potential. Taxonomy, 5.","DOI":"10.3390\/taxonomy5040070"},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"245","article-title":"Curcuma saraburiensis (Zingiberaceae), a new species from Thailand","volume":"64","author":"Boonma","year":"2019","journal-title":"Taiwania"},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"371","article-title":"Two new species of Kaempferia L. (Zingiberaceae) from Thailand","volume":"65","author":"Boonma","year":"2020","journal-title":"Taiwania"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Boonma, T., Saensouk, S., and Saensouk, P. (2024). Biogeography, conservation status, and traditional uses of Zingiberaceae in Saraburi Province, Thailand, with Kaempferia chaveerachiae sp. nov.. Horticulturae, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/horticulturae10090934"},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"1","article-title":"Zingiber sirindhorniae, a remarkable new species in Zingiber section Dymczewiczia (Zingiberaceae) from Thailand","volume":"10","author":"Triboun","year":"2016","journal-title":"Thail. Nat. Hist. Mus. J."},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"215","article-title":"Nomenclatural changes in Zingiberaceae: Caulokaempferia is a superfluous name for Monolophus and Jirawongsea is reduced to Boesenbergia","volume":"66","author":"Mood","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gard. Bull. Singap."},{"key":"ref_17","first-page":"378","article-title":"Boesenbergia","volume":"Volume 16","author":"Newman","year":"2023","journal-title":"Flora of Thailand"},{"key":"ref_18","unstructured":"Chinese Virtual Herbarium (CVH) (2026, April 08). Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Available online: http:\/\/www.cvh.ac.cn."},{"key":"ref_19","unstructured":"(2026). Index Herbariorum. A Worldwide Index of Herbaria and Associated Staff Where Plant and Fungal Specimens are Permanently Housed, The William & Lynda Steere Herbarium, New York Botanical Garden. Available online: https:\/\/sweetgum.nybg.org\/science\/ih\/."},{"key":"ref_20","first-page":"65","article-title":"Boesenbergia isanensis (Zingiberaceae), a new species from Thailand","volume":"95","author":"Saensouk","year":"2020","journal-title":"Jpn. J. Bot."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1756-1051.2001.tb00818.x","article-title":"Boesenbergia baimaii, a new species of Zingiberaceae from Thailand","volume":"21","author":"Saensouk","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nord. J. Bot."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.22244\/rheedea.2004.14.1-2.05","article-title":"Transfer of Kaempferia siphonantha Baker to Boesenbergia Kuntze (Zingiberaceae)","volume":"14","author":"Sabu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Rheedea"},{"key":"ref_23","first-page":"47","article-title":"The history and identity of Boesenbergia longiflora (Zingiberaceae) and descriptions of five related new taxa","volume":"65","author":"Mood","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gard. Bull. Singap."},{"key":"ref_24","first-page":"41","article-title":"The unusual branching Boesenbergia from Belum, Perak, and notes on the genus in Peninsular Malaysia","volume":"15","author":"Meekiong","year":"2014","journal-title":"Folia Malays."},{"key":"ref_25","first-page":"207","article-title":"A new species and a new record of Boesenbergia (Zingiberaceae) for Thailand","volume":"66","author":"Mood","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gard. Bull. Singap."},{"key":"ref_26","first-page":"45","article-title":"Boesenbergia atropurpurea, a new Boesenbergia species from Sarawak, Malaysia","volume":"16","author":"Izzaty","year":"2015","journal-title":"Folia Malays."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.22244\/rheedea.2015.25.01.11","article-title":"Boesenbergia pulcherrima and B. tiliifolia (Zingiberaceae) in India: Notes on the identity, variability and typification","volume":"25","author":"Aishwarya","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rheedea"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.3850\/S2382581216000235","article-title":"The genus Boesenbergia (Zingiberaceae) in Myanmar with two new records","volume":"68","author":"Mood","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gard. Bull. Singap."},{"key":"ref_29","first-page":"83","article-title":"Boesenbergia quangngaiensis (Zingiberaceae), a new species from Central Vietnam","volume":"324","year":"2017","journal-title":"Phytotaxa"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.20531\/tfb.2018.46.1.03","article-title":"Taxonomy of Boesenbergia parvula (Zingiberaceae) with new synonymy","volume":"46","author":"Mood","year":"2018","journal-title":"Thai For. Bull. Bot."},{"key":"ref_31","first-page":"473","article-title":"Three new species of Boesenbergia (Zingiberaceae) from Thailand and Lao P.D.R","volume":"71","author":"Mood","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gard. Bull. Singap."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.26492\/gbs72(1).2020-08","article-title":"Nomenclature changes in Zingiberaceae: Haplochorema is reduced to Boesenbergia","volume":"72","author":"Mood","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gard. Bull. Singap."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1017\/S0960428620000098","article-title":"Two new species of Boesenbergia (Zingiberaceae) from Palawan, Philippines","volume":"77","author":"Docot","year":"2020","journal-title":"Edinb. J. Bot."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20133","DOI":"10.11609\/jott.6707.13.13.20133-20135","article-title":"On the IUCN status of Boesenbergia albolutea and B. rubrolutea (Zingiberaceae) and typification of B. rubrolutea","volume":"13","author":"Aishwarya","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Threat. Taxa"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.3897\/phytokeys.211.83985","article-title":"Two new species of Boesenbergia (Zingiberaceae) from Sabah, Malaysia","volume":"211","author":"Lam","year":"2022","journal-title":"PhytoKeys"},{"key":"ref_36","first-page":"149","article-title":"Taxonomic studies of Zingiberaceae in Myanmar V: A new species of Boesenbergia from Rakhine State","volume":"50","author":"Tanaka","year":"2024","journal-title":"Bull. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci. Ser. B Bot."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e04445","DOI":"10.1111\/njb.04445","article-title":"Boesenbergia kalakadensis sp. nov. (Zingiberaceae) from Southern Western Ghats, India","volume":"2024","author":"Santharam","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nord. J. Bot."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e04319","DOI":"10.1111\/njb.04319","article-title":"Boesenbergia ashihoi (Zingiberaceae), a new species from northeast India","volume":"2024","author":"Debnath","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nord. J. Bot."},{"key":"ref_39","first-page":"67","article-title":"A revision of the genus Boesenbergia Kuntze (Zingiberaceae) in Thailand","volume":"40","author":"Sirirugsa","year":"1992","journal-title":"Nat. Hist. Bull. Siam Soc."},{"key":"ref_40","unstructured":"Beentje, H. (2016). The Kew Plant Glossary, an Illustrated Dictionary of Plant Terms, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. [2nd ed.]."},{"key":"ref_41","unstructured":"(2026, April 09). International Plant Names Index. Available online: https:\/\/www.ipni.org\/."},{"key":"ref_42","unstructured":"Sneath, P.H.A., and Sokal, R.R. (1973). Numerical Taxonomy, W.H. Freeman."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.2307\/2528823","article-title":"A general coefficient of similarity and some of its properties","volume":"27","author":"Gower","year":"1971","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"ref_44","first-page":"1","article-title":"PAST: Paleontological Statistics Software Package for Education and Data Analysis","volume":"4","author":"Hammer","year":"2001","journal-title":"Palaeontol. Electron."},{"key":"ref_45","unstructured":"IUCN (2024). Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria, IUCN. [16th ed.]. Available online: https:\/\/nc.iucnredlist.org\/redlist\/content\/attachment_files\/RedListGuidelines.pdf."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kaufman, L., and Rousseeuw, P.J. (1990). Finding Groups in Data: An Introduction to Cluster Analysis, John Wiley & Sons.","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470316801"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1641\/0006-3568(2006)56[733:LKOSAI]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Limestone karsts of Southeast Asia: Imperiled arks of biodiversity","volume":"56","author":"Clements","year":"2006","journal-title":"BioScience"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.3897\/natureconservation.44.60175","article-title":"Plant diversity assessment of karst limestone, a case study of Malaysia\u2019s Batu Caves","volume":"44","author":"Kiew","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Conserv."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1007\/s12225-023-10160-6","article-title":"Prioritising Important Plant Areas (IPAs) among the limestone karsts of Perak, Malaysia","volume":"79","author":"Tan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Kew Bull."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26648","DOI":"10.11609\/jott.9463.17.3.26648-26654","article-title":"Population status, threats, and conservation of Trachycarpus takil: An endemic and threatened plant species in western Himalaya, India","volume":"17","author":"Tiwari","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Threat. Taxa"}],"container-title":["Life"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-1729\/16\/8\/1218\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T04:24:25Z","timestamp":1784953465000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-1729\/16\/8\/1218"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["life16081218"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/life16081218","relation":{},"ISSN":["2075-1729"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2075-1729","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]]}}}