{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T04:25:39Z","timestamp":1787286339095,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786060800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Science Committee of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan","award":["grant AP23485899, program BR11765589"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["grant AP23485899, program BR11765589"]}]},{"award":["grant AP23485899, program BR11765589"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["grant AP23485899, program BR11765589"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05tyne317","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012632","name":"Nazarbayev University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CRP grant 111024CRP2009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CRP grant 111024CRP2009"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012632","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["CRP grant 111024CRP2009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CRP grant 111024CRP2009"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/052bx8q98","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Life"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cutaneous melanoma and basal cell carcinoma (BCC) represent the two primary malignancies driven by solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation. To map the spatial topology and distance dependence of their mutational signatures, we deployed new analytical bioinformatics workflow utilizing two convergent strategies: a data-driven read-level phasing framework to discriminate between collateral mutational events versus independent ones and a hypothesis-driven spatial permutational simulation model to capture density-dependent local deviations. A whole-genome analysis employing this framework unexpectedly reveals two fundamentally distinct lesion-processing landscapes, present in both BCC and melanoma. While independent mutations consistently reproduce canonical UV signatures (SBS7a\u2013c) in both tumor types, collateral mutations tell a distinct and more varied narrative between BCC and melanoma. These collateral mutations are unusually abundant for non-UV characteristics, such as age-related SBS1 and SBS5, and display a notable 3\u2032 to 5\u2032 asymmetry near UV-induced lesions in pyrimidine dimers. We also demonstrated that BCC displays a pronounced enrichment of dinucleotide base substitutions flanking UV-signature sites on the 3\u2032 side, particularly CA&gt;TG and CG&gt;TA changes. Ultimately, these topological patterns in both tumors indicate that a primary photoproduct seeds secondary mutagenesis within its local chromatin environment, dramatically altering our understanding of UV-induced lesion processing.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life16081300","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T16:00:43Z","timestamp":1786118443000},"page":"1300","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Two Faces of UV Mutagenesis: Independent and Collateral Mutagenesis in Skin Cancers"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1851-8169","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Konstantin","family":"Gunbin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Mitochondrial Functional Genomics, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236016 Kaliningrad, Russia"},{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2623-8901","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zamart","family":"Ramazanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan"},{"name":"National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0775-7324","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bakhyt","family":"Matkarimov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan"},{"name":"L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana 010008, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4630-1074","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Murat","family":"Saparbaev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan"},{"name":"Groupe \u00abMechanisms of DNA Repair and Carcinogenesis\u00bb, CNRS UMR9019, Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, F-94805 Villejuif, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergey","family":"Nikolaev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM U981, Gustave Roussy Institute, Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, F-94805 Villejuif, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrey","family":"Yurchenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM U981, Gustave Roussy Institute, Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, F-94805 Villejuif, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11678","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.275.16.11678","article-title":"Formation of the main UV-induced thymine dimeric lesions within isolated and cellular DNA as measured by high-performance liquid chromatography\u2013tandem mass spectrometry","volume":"275","author":"Douki","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. 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