{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T15:32:32Z","timestamp":1787758352775,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787702400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Life"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Arterial hypertension (HTN) is associated with accelerated vascular aging, cerebral microvascular injury, and cognitive decline. Anti-NR2\/GluN2 (NR2) antibodies may be related to N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR)-mediated neuronal-ischemic injury, although their clinical significance in HTN requires further clarification. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate cross-sectional associations between arterial stiffness assessed by the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI), serum NR2 antibody levels, and cognitive performance assessed by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) in patients with essential HTN and controls. Methods: This single-center study included 175 adults aged 40\u201370 years: 128 patients with essential HTN and 47 controls. The median age was 58 [54; 66] years in the HTN group and 55 [47; 62] years in controls (p = 0.06). Men accounted for 52 patients (40.6%) in the HTN group and 14 participants (30.0%) in the control group (p = 0.22). Arterial stiffness was assessed using CAVI. Serum NR2 antibody levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Cognitive status was evaluated using MoCA and MMSE. Between-group comparisons, correlation analysis, and exploratory classification modeling were performed. Results: Patients with HTN had higher CAVI values than controls (8.3 [7.3; 9.4] vs. 7.3 [6.9; 7.9]; p = 0.001). Cognitive impairment was more frequent in hypertensive patients by both MoCA (52.3% vs. 27.7%; p = 0.003) and MMSE (48.7% vs. 28.3%; p = 0.01). NR2 antibody levels were higher in HTN (1.6 [1.15; 2.62] vs. 1.33 [1.02; 1.84] ng\/mL; p = 0.03). CAVI inversely correlated with MoCA and MMSE scores. Conclusions: CAVI was higher in patients with HTN and showed modest inverse associations with cognitive scores. NR2 antibody levels were also higher in HTN; however, their relationship with cognitive impairment should be interpreted as exploratory and hypothesis-generating. Further longitudinal studies with neuroimaging are required to determine the clinical and prognostic significance of these findings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life16091418","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T15:04:32Z","timestamp":1787756672000},"page":"1418","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Arterial Stiffness and Anti-NR2\/GluN2 Autoantibodies to N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptors as Markers of Vascular Aging and Cognitive Impairment in Arterial Hypertension"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Tatiana","family":"Safronova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Faculty Therapy No. 2, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119048 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-0171-4966","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sofia","family":"Mukhanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Faculty Therapy No. 2, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119048 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2699-1610","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Bragina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Faculty Therapy No. 2, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119048 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aida","family":"Tarzimanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Faculty Therapy No. 2, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119048 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9738-1801","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Ivannikov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine, 129090 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatiana","family":"Vargina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Faculty Therapy No. 2, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119048 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8875-9032","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Pokrovskaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Faculty Therapy No. 2, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119048 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Rodionova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Faculty Therapy No. 2, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119048 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalia","family":"Druzhinina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Faculty Therapy No. 2, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119048 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5730-7837","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lyubov","family":"Vasilyeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Faculty Therapy No. 2, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119048 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7971-7711","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Cherepanov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Faculty Therapy No. 2, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119048 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-4354-9474","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nikolay","family":"Dorokhov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Faculty Therapy No. 2, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119048 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalia","family":"Gureva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Faculty Therapy No. 2, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119048 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalia A.","family":"Dragomiretskaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Faculty Therapy No. 2, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119048 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8908-7381","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irakli Zh.","family":"Loriya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Faculty Therapy No. 2, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119048 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valery","family":"Podzolkov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Faculty Therapy No. 2, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119048 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1874","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000003480","article-title":"2023 ESH Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension","volume":"41","author":"Mancia","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. 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